Alleged reasons for circumcision

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In the long history of genital mutilation aka foreskin amputation aka circumcision, there have been many alleged reasons why this should be a medical procedure. Please note that some of the alleged medical reasons are rather pseudo-hygienical reasons which should never be solved by cutting off intact body parts.

Work in progress: The following information does not claim to be complete. More content will be added gradually.

Contents

Foreskin causes

In 1958, C.F. McDonald said "the same reasons that apply for the circumcision of males are generally valid when considered for the female."[9]

In 1966, Masters and Johnson erroneous claim that there is no difference in sensitivity between penises with and without foreskin.

(Note: Their work helps propagate the medical dogma that circumcision has no effect on sexuality go practically unquestioned for nearly the next four decades.)[10]

Cure through FGM

  • Clitoris easier findable by husband - 1959: W.G. Rathmann[11]
  • HIV (in women after FGM) - 2005: R.Y. Stallings[12]

Cure through MGM

  • Abdominal neuralgia - 1879: H.H. Kane[13]
  • Bed wetting - 1873: Joseph Bell[14]
  • Blindness - 1890: William D. Gentry[15]
  • Deafness - 1890: William D. Gentry[15]
  • Dumbness - 1890: William D. Gentry[15]
  • Epilepsy - 1865: Nathaniel Heckford[16], 1870: Lewis A. Sayre[17], 1902: Roswell Park[4], 1930: Norton Henry Bare[18]
  • Eye problems believed to be caused by masturbation - 1881: Maximillian Landesburg[19]
  • Immunity to nearly all physical and mental illness - 1953: R.L. Miller and D.C. Snyder[8]
  • Masturbation (newborns) - 1953: R.L. Miller and D.C. Snyder[8]
  • Neuroses (females) - 1915: Benjamin E. Dawson[20]
  • Nocturnal seminal emissions (i.e. wet dreams) - 1832: Claude-Francois Lallemand[21], 1879: H.H. Kane[13]
  • Rectal incontinence - 1894: H.L. Rosenberry[22]
  • Sensitiveness of the organ - 1901: Ernest G. Mark[7]
  • Urinary incontinence - 1894: H.L. Rosenberry[22]

Prevention

See also

References

  1. ↑ a b c   Sayre LA. Spinal anaemia with partial paralysis and want of coordination, from irritation of the genital organs. Transactions of the American Medical Association. 1875; 26: 255-274.
  2. ↑   Eggleston WG. Two cases of reflex paraplegia(one with aphasia) from tape-worm and phimosis. Journal of the American Medical Association. 8 May 1886; 6(19): 511-515.
  3. ↑ a b   Guttmacher AF. Should the baby be circumcised?. Parents Magazine. September 1941; 16(9): 26,76-78.
  4. ↑ a b   Park R. The surgical treatment of epilepsy. American Medicine. 22 November 1902; 4(21): 807-809.
  5. ↑ a b   Eskridge BC. Why not circumcise the girl as well as the boy?. Texas State Journal of Medicine. May 1918; 14: 17-19.
  6. ↑   Hutchinson J. On circumcision as preventive of masturbation. Archives of Surgery. January 1891; 2(7): 267-269.
  7. ↑ a b   Mark EG. Circumcision. American Practitioner and News. 15 February 1901; 31(4): 122-126.
  8. ↑ a b c   Miller RL, Snyder DC. Immediate circumcision of the newborn male. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. January 1953; 6(1): 1-11.
  9. ↑   McDonald CF. Circumcision of the female. General Practitioner. September 1958; 18(3): 98-99.
  10. ↑   Masters and Johnson (1966): Human Sexual Response. Boston, MA: Little Brown & Co.
  11. ↑   Rathmann WG. Female Circumcision: Indications and a New Technique. General Practitioner. September 1959; 20(9): 115-120.
  12. ↑ a b   Stallings, R.Y.: Female circumcision and HIV infection in Tanzania: for better or for worse?, Rio de Janeiro. (25 July 2005) Third International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment.
  13. ↑ a b   Kane HH. Seminal emissions, abdominal neuralgia: circumcision: cure. Southern Clinic. October 1879; 2(1): 8-11.
  14. ↑   Bell J. Nocturnal incontinence of urine cured by circumcision. Edinburgh Medical Journal. May 1873; 1(9): 1034.
  15. ↑ a b c   Gentry WD. Nervous derangements produced by sexual irregularities in boys. Medical Current. July 1890; 6(7): 268-274.
  16. ↑   Heckford N. Circumcision as a remedial measure in certain cases of epilepsy and chorea. Clinical Lectures and Reports by the Medical and Surgical Staff of the London Hospital. 1865; 2: 58-64.
  17. ↑   Sayre LA. Circumcision versus epilepsy, etc; Transcription of the New York Pathological Society meeting of June 8, 1870. Medical Record. 15 July 1870; 5(10): 231-234.
  18. ↑   Bare NH. Surgical treatment of epilepsy with report of case. The China Medical Journal. November 1930; 4(11): 1109-1113.
  19. ↑   Landesburg M. On affections of the eye caused by masturbation. Medical Bulletin. April 1881; 3(4): 79-81.
  20. ↑   Dawson BE. Circumcision in the Female: Its Necessity and How to Perform It. American Journal of Clinical Medicine. June 1915; 22(66): 520-523.
  21. ↑   Lallemand, Claude-Francois ((1):1836; (2):1839; (3):1842): Des Pertes Seminales Involontaires. Vol. 1-3. Pp. (1):463-467; (2):70-162; (3):266-267, 280-289. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
  22. ↑ a b   Rosenberry HL. Incontinence of the urine and faeces, cured by circumcision. Medical Record. 11 August 1894; 4(6): 173.
  23. ↑   Fink AJ. A possible explanation for heterosexual male infection with AIDS. New England Journal of Medicine. 30 October 1986; 31(18): 1167.
  24. ↑   Schoen EJ. It's wise to circumcise: time to change policy. Pediatrics. June 2003; 111(6 Pt 1): 1490-1491.
  25. ↑ a b   Ravich A. Viral carcinogenesis in venereally susceptible organs. Cancer. June 1971; 27(6): 1493-6. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  26. ↑ a b   Hand EH. Circumcision and venereal disease. Archives of Dermatology and Syphilology. September 1949; 60(3): 341-346.
  27. ↑   Ravich A. Prophylaxis of cancer of the prostate, penis, and cervix by circumcision. New York State Journal of Medicine. June 1951; 51(12): 1519-20. PMID. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  28. ↑   Wynder EL. A study of environmental factors of carcinoma of the cervix. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. October 1954; 68(4): 10166-52 (??).
  29. ↑   Bailey RC. Male circumcision for HIV prevention for young men in Kisumu, Kenya. Lancet. 2007; 369(9562): 643-656.
  30. ↑ a b   Cockshut RW. Circumcision. British Medical Journal. 19 October 1935; 2(3902): 764.
  31. ↑   Dixon, Edward H. (1845): A Treatise on Diseases of the Sexual Organs. New York: Stringer & Co. Pp. 158-165. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
  32. ↑   Moses MJ. The value of circumcision as a hygienic and therapeutic measure. New York Medical Journal. November 1871; 14(4): 368-374.
  33. ↑   Kellogg, John Harvey (1888): Treatment for Self-Abuse and Its Effects, in: Plain Facts for Old and Young. Project Gutenberg (ed.). Edition: 1881 edition. Burlington, Iowa: F. Segner & Co. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
  34. ↑ a b   Fishbein, Morris (1969): Sex hygiene, in: Modern Home Medical Adviser. Garden City (ed.). New York: Doubleday & Co. Pp. 90+119.
  35. ↑   Fink AJ. Is hygiene enough? Circumcision as a possible strategy to prevent group B streptococcal disease. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. August 1988; 159(2): 534-535.
  36. ↑   Wolbarst AL. Is circumcision a prophylactic against penis cancer?. Cancer. July 1926; 3(4): 301-310.
  37. ↑ a b   Hutchinson J. The advantages of circumcision. The Polyclinic. September 1900; 3(9): 129-131.
  38. ↑   Ravich A. The relationship of circumcision to cancer of the prostate. Journal of Urology. September 1942; 48(3): 298-299.
  39. ↑   Remondino PC. Negro rapes and their social problems. National Popular Review. January 1894; 4(1): 3-6.
  40. ↑   Fink AJ. Circumcision and sand. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. November 1991; 84(11): 696.
  41. ↑   Sayre LA. Partial paralysis from reflex irritation, caused by congenital phimosis and adherent prepuce. Transactions of the American Medical Association. 1870; 21: 205-11.
  42. ↑   Hutchinson J. On the Influence of Circumcision in Preventing Syphilis. Medical Times and Gazette. 1855; 32(844): 542-543. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
  43. ↑   Wolbarst AL. Universal circumcision as a sanitary measure. Journal of the American Medical Association. 10 January 1914; 62(2): 92-97.
  44. ↑   Wiswell TE. Decreased incidence of urinary tract infections in circumcised male infants. Pediatrics. May 1985; 75(5): 901-3.
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