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| [[Image:Maria-Wawer.jpg|200px]]
| [[Image:Maria-Wawer.jpg|200px]]
|-
| align="center" | [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]
|-
|- style="background: #DCDCDC"
|- style="background: #DCDCDC"
| align="center" | '''Married To:'''
| align="center" | '''Married To:'''
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| align="center" | '''Colleagues:'''
| align="center" | '''Colleagues:'''
|-
|-
| align="center" | [[Ronald Gray]]<br>[[Bertran Auvert]]<br>[[Robert C. Bailey]]<br>[[Thomas Quinn]]
| align="center" | [[Ronald Gray]]<br>[[Bertran Auvert]]<br>[[Robert C. Bailey]]<br>[[Thomas C. Quinn]]
|- style="background: #DCDCDC"
|- style="background: #DCDCDC"
| align="center" | '''Funded By:'''
| align="center" | '''Funded By:'''
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Maria J. Wawer is a biased pro-circumcision researcher <ref>{{REFweb
'''Maria J. Wawer''', {{MD}}, a professor at the [[Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health]],<ref>{{REFweb
  | last=NCBI, PubMed
|url=https://publichealth.jhu.edu/faculty/736/maria-j-wawer
  | first=
|archived=
  | year=
|title= Maria J.Wawer, MD
  | title=Maria Wawer circumcision
|trans-title=
  | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Maria%20Wawer%20circumcision
|language=
  | accessdate=2011-04-24
|last=
}}</ref> looking for justifications to roll-out mass circumcision programs around the world. Wawer is married to another biased pro-circumcision researcher [[Ronald Gray]].<ref name="cutting">{{REFjournal
|first=
  | last=Willyard
|author-link=
  | first=Cassandra
|publisher=Johns Hopkins University
  | coauthors=
|website=
  | pubyear=2007
|date=
  | title=Cutting the Risk
|accessdate=2022-01-02
  | journal=Johns Hopkins Magazine
|format=
  | volume=
|quote=
  | issue=
}}</ref> is a [[Bias|biased]] pro-circumcision researcher <ref>{{REFweb
  | pages=
  |last=NCBI, PubMed
  | url=http://www.jhu.edu/jhumag/0907web/cutting.html
  |first=
  | accessdate=2011-04-24
  |date=
  |title=Maria Wawer circumcision
  |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Maria%20Wawer%20circumcision
  |accessdate=2011-04-24
}}</ref> looking for justifications to roll-out mass [[circumcision]] programs around the world. Wawer is married to another biased pro-circumcision researcher [[Ronald Gray]].<ref name="cutting">{{REFjournal
  |last=Willyard
  |first=Cassandra
  |init=C
  |date=2007
  |title=Cutting the Risk
  |journal=Johns Hopkins Magazine
  |volume=
  |issue=
  |pages=
  |url=http://www.jhu.edu/jhumag/0907web/cutting.html
  |accessdate=2011-04-24
}}</ref> Her ''research'' has been funded by [[Johns Hopkins]] and the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]].<ref name="cutting"/> In the waiting room at their clinic, a music video promoting circumcision plays continuously.<ref>{{REFweb
}}</ref> Her ''research'' has been funded by [[Johns Hopkins]] and the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]].<ref name="cutting"/> In the waiting room at their clinic, a music video promoting circumcision plays continuously.<ref>{{REFweb
  | last=JohnsHopkinsSPH
  |last=JohnsHopkinsSPH
  | first=
  |first=
  | year=2010-10-01
  |date=2010-10-01
  | title=Rakai Project
  |title=Rakai Project
  | url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mXFdXJaG8k#t=8m37s
  |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mXFdXJaG8k#t=8m37s
  | accessdate=2011-04-24
  |accessdate=2011-04-24
}}</ref><ref>{{REFweb
}}</ref><ref>{{REFweb
  | quote=Rakai Health Sciences Program funded the production of an MC promotion song which was done by Stephen Mugamba and Jemima Sanyu. This was done under the supervision of one Uganda's best audio producers; Henry Kiwuuwa of Grayce Records.
  |quote=Rakai Health Sciences Program funded the production of an MC promotion song which was done by Stephen Mugamba and Jemima Sanyu. This was done under the supervision of one Uganda's best audio producers; Henry Kiwuuwa of Grayce Records.
  | last=
  |last=
  | first=
  |first=
  | publisher=smugamba
  |publisher=smugamba
  | date=2010-06-06
  |date=2010-06-06
  | title=Rakai male circumcision video by Stephen Mugamba feat Jemima Sanyu
  |title=Rakai male circumcision video by Stephen Mugamba feat Jemima Sanyu
  | url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0rtEdNl322Q
  |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0rtEdNl322Q
  | accessdate=2011-04-24
  |accessdate=2011-04-24
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


== Quotes ==
== Quotes ==
{{Citation
{{Citation
| Title=When Wawer found out she could push circumcision
|Title=When Wawer found out she could push circumcision
| Text=You almost feel like crying.
|Text=You almost feel like crying.
|Author=M. Wawer
|Source=JohnsHopkinsSPH
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BHR9rnoelc#t=01m29s
|last=Wawer
|first=Maria J.
|init=MJ
|publisher=Wawer, JohnsHopkinsSPH
|date=2009-05-29
|title=Impact
}}</ref>
|Comment=When she found a reason to push mass circumcision. How could she find joy in that?
}}


<small>'''NOTE:''' ''When she found a reason to push mass circumcision. How could she find joy in that?''</small>
{{Citation
| Author=M. Wawer
|Title=
| Source=JohnsHopkinsSPH
|Text=Once circumcision programs become more widespread, more available, it's very likely that [[HIV]] positive men will also seek the procedure. Partly (because) you don't want to be the only guy on the block who hasn't been [[circumcised]].
| lang=
|Author=M. Wawer
| before=
|Source=MedPageToday
| after=
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
| Transcription=
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=01m15s
| Translation=
|title=CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BHR9rnoelc#t=01m29s M. Wawer, JohnsHopkinsSPH. (2009, May 29). ''Impact.'']</ref>
|last=Wawer
|first=Maria J.
|init=MJ
|date=2008-02-08
}}</ref>
|Comment=This is the goal? To make men feel uncomfortable?
}}
}}


{{Citation
{{Citation
| Title=
|Title=
| Text=Once circumcision programs become more widespread, more available, it's very likely that HIV positive men will also seek the procedure. Partly (because) you don't want to be the only guy on the block who hasn't been circumcised.
|Text=We found a benefit to the ([[HIV]]) positive men of becoming circumcised.
 
|Author=M. Wawer
<small>'''NOTE:''' ''This is the goal? To make men feel uncomfortable?''</small>
|Source=MedPageToday
| Author=M. Wawer
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
| Source=MedPageToday
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=03m22s
| lang=
  |title=CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission
| before=
|last=Wawer
| after=
|first=Maria J.
| Transcription=
|init=MJ
| Translation=
|date=2008-02-08
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=01m15s M. Wawer, MedPageToday. (2008, February 08). ''CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission.'']</ref>
}}</ref>
|Comment=They are already [[HIV]] positive. You'd think this was a joke.
}}
}}


{{Citation
{{Citation
| Title=
|Title=
| Text=We found a benefit to the (HIV) positive men of becoming circumcised.
|Text=Where you don’t have complete [[keratinization]] of the remaining [[mucosa]], then that could in effect increase the transmission of (the) virus.
 
|Author=M. Wawer
<small>'''NOTE:''' ''They are already HIV positive. You'd think this was a joke.''</small>
|Source=MedPageToday
| Author=M. Wawer
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
| Source=MedPageToday
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=04m41s
| lang=
  |title=CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission
| before=
|last=Wawer
| after=
|first=Maria J.
| Transcription=
|init=MJ
| Translation=
|date=2008-02-08
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=03m22s M. Wawer, MedPageToday. (2008, February 08). ''CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission.'']</ref>
}}</ref>
|Comment=While pro-circ [[HIV]] "researchers" are claiming keratinization is a fact, pushers such as [[Brian J. Morris]] and [[Jake H. Waskett]] claim there is no keratinization. The keratinization reduces sensation.
}}
}}


{{Citation
{{Citation
| Title=
|Title=
| Text=Where you don’t have complete keratinization of the remaining mucosa, then that could in effect increase the transmission of (the) virus.
|Text=We are providing [[Adolescent and adult circumcision| male circumcision]] as a service now to negative men, but also to positive men. Again, because we don't want them to become stigmatized if they refuse the service.
 
|Author=M. Wawer
<small>'''NOTE:''' ''While pro-circ HIV "researchers" are claiming keratinization is a fact, pushers such as [[Brian J. Morris]] and [[Jake H. Waskett]] claim there is no keratinization. The keratinization reduces sensation.''</small>
|Source=MedPageToday
| Author=M. Wawer
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
| Source=MedPageToday
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=05m20s
| lang=
  |title=CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission
| before=
|last=Wawer
| after=
|first=Maria J.
| Transcription=
|init=MJ
| Translation=
|date=2008-02-08
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=04m41s M. Wawer, MedPageToday. (2008, February 08). ''CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission.'']</ref>
}}</ref>
|Comment=i.e., she promotes the cutting of anyone for any reason. No logic required.
}}
}}


{{Citation
{{Citation
| Title=
|Title=
| Text=We are providing male circumcision as a service now to negative men, but also to positive men. Again, because we don't want them to become stigmatized if they refuse the service.
|Text=It’s amazing, cultures do change once people see there's a real advantage of a certain action ([[circumcision]]) on their part.
 
|Author=M. Wawer
<small>'''NOTE:''' ''i.e., she promotes the cutting of anyone for any reason. No logic required.''</small>
|Source=JohnsHopkinsSPH
| Author=M. Wawer
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
| Source=MedPageToday
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mXFdXJaG8k#t=08m41s
| lang=
  |last=Wawer
| before=
|first=Maria J.
| after=
|init=MJ
| Transcription=
|publisher=Wawer, JohnsHopkinsSPH
| Translation=
|date=2010-12-01
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=05m20s M. Wawer, MedPageToday. (2008, February 08). ''CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission.'']</ref>
|title=Rakai project
}}</ref>
|Comment=You heard that right. She want's to make circumcision part of the culture. i.e., the norm.
}}
}}


=== Contradictory quotes ===
{{Citation
{{Citation
| Title=
|Title=Male Circumcision does NOT protect women
| Text=It’s amazing, cultures do change once people see there's a real advantage of a certain action (circumcision) on their part.
|Text=We haven't seen a benefit to women for the procedure.
 
|Author=M. Wawer
<small>'''NOTE:''' ''You heard that right. She want's to make circumcision part of the culture. i.e., the norm.''</small>
|Source=MedPageToday
| Author=M. Wawer
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
| Source=JohnsHopkinsSPH
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=06m23s
| lang=
  |last=Wawer
| before=
|first=Maria J.
| after=
|init=MJ
| Transcription=
|publisher=MedPageToday
| Translation=
|date=2008-02-08
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mXFdXJaG8k#t=08m41s M. Wawer, JohnsHopkinsSPH. (2010, December 01). ''Rakai project.'']</ref>
|title=CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission
}}</ref>
|Comment=In fact, she found that male circumcision increases risk of [[HIV]] transmission in women.
}}
}}


<BR CLEAR="all">
=== Contradictory Quotes ===
{{Citation
{{Citation
| Title=Male Circumcision does NOT protect women
|Title=Male Circumcision DOES protect women
| Text=We haven't seen a benefit to women for the procedure.
|Text=You asked yourself the question, 'If it reduces the risk of acquisition it presumably reduces the risk of transmission to female partners." (Maria nods in agreement)
 
|Author=Interviewer
<small>'''NOTE:''' ''In fact, she found that male circumcision increases risk of HIV transmission in women.''</small>
|Source=MedPageToday
| Author=M. Wawer
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
| Source=MedPageToday
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=00m50s
| lang=
  |publisher=MedPageToday
| before=
|date=2008-02-08
| after=
|title=CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission
| Transcription=
}}</ref>
| Translation=
|Comment=Ignoring her own findings when they don't support male circumcision.
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=06m23s M. Wawer, MedPageToday. (2008, February 08). ''CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission.'']</ref>
}}
}}


{{Citation
{{Citation
| Title=Male Circumcision DOES protect women
|Title=Male Circumcision does NOT protect women
| Text=You asked yourself the question, 'If it reduces the risk of acquisition it presumably reduces the risk of transmission to female partners." (Maria nods in agreement)
|Text=Disappointingly, when we looked at the women partners of the (HIV) positive men, who've been circumcised, compared to the partners who had not been circumcised, we actually found a slightly higher rate of transmission from the positive circumcised men than from positive [[uncircumcised]] men.
|Author=M. Wawer
|Source=MedPageToday
|ref=<ref>{{REFweb
|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=03m40s
|last=Wawer
|first=Maria J.
|init=MJ
|publisher=MedPageToday
|date=2008-02-08
|title=CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission
}}</ref>
|Comment=Interestingly, Maria has said on numerous occasions that circumcision will reduce the rate of transmission to female partners, even though her research doesn't support this. Here she contradicts herself, yet again.
}}
==Circumcision does not prevent HIV infection==
=== Population-based studies ===
{{Population-based studies}}
===Two African surveys===
The previously reported studies were from developed Western nations. Now we have information from Sub_Saharan Africa.


<small>'''NOTE:''' ''Ignoring her own findings when they don't support male circumcision.''</small>
French scientist [[Michel Garenne]], Ph.D. has published two reports in 2022 comparing the incidence of HIV infection in [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] men.
| Author=Interviewer
| Source=MedPageToday
| lang=
| before=
| after=
| Transcription=
| Translation=
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=00m50s  Interviewer, MedPageToday. (2008, February 08). ''CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission.'']</ref>
}}


{{Citation
In his first report, Garenne presented the findings from a study in Lesotho, the enclave in South Africa. He reported:
| Title=Male Circumcision does NOT protect women
<blockquote>
| Text=Disappointingly, when we looked at the women partners of the (HIV) positive men, who've been circumcised, compared to the partners who had not been circumcised, we actually found a slightly higher rate of transmission from the positive circumcised men than from positive uncircumcised men.
In couple studies, the effect of circumcision and VMMC on HIV was not significant, with similar transmission from female to male and male to female. The study questions the amount of effort and money spent on VMMC in Lesotho.<ref name="garenne2022A">{{REFjournal
|last=Garenne
|first=Michel
|init=M
|author-link=Michel Garenne
|title=Changing relationships between HIV prevalence and circumcision in Lesotho
|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35373731/
|date=2022-04-04
|journal=J Biosoc Sci
|volume=online ahead of print
|pages=1-16
|DOI=10.1017/S0021932022000153
|pubmedID=35373731
|accessdate=2022-11-07
}}</ref>
</blockquote>


<small>'''NOTE:''' ''Interestingly, Maria has said on numerous occasions that circumcision will reduce the rate of transmission to female partners, even though her research doesn't support this. Here she contradicts herself, yet again.''</small>
In his second report, Garenne (2022) presented information from six Sub-Saharan African nations (Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe). He reported:
| Author=M. Wawer
<blockquote>
| Source=MedPageToday
"Results matched earlier observations made in South Africa that [[circumcised]] and [[intact]] men had similar levels of HIV infection."<ref name="garenne2022B">{{REFjournal
| lang=
|last=Garenne
| before=
|first=Michael
| after=
|init=M
| Transcription=
|author-link=
| Translation=
|etal=no
| ref=<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MCRh1Q69Ry4#t=03m40s  M. Wawer, MedPageToday. (2008, February 08). ''CROI: Circumcising HIV-Pos Men Doesn't Block Transmission.'']</ref>
|title=Age-incidence and prevalence of HIV among intact and circumcised men: an analysis of PHIA surveys in Southern Africa
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=J Biosoc Sci
|location=
|date=2022-10-26
|season=
|volume=
|issue=
|article=
|page=
|pages=1-13
|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-biosocial-science/article/abs/ageincidence-and-prevalence-of-hiv-among-intact-and-circumcised-men-an-analysis-of-phia-surveys-in-southern-africa/CAA7E7BD5A9844F41C6B7CC3573B9E50
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=36286328
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1017/S0021932022000414
|accessdate=2022-11-07
}}</ref></blockquote>
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Bias]]
* [[Circumcision and HIV]]
* [[United States of America]]
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/for-professionals/alleged-medical-benefits/hivaids/
|title=HIV/AIDS
|publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]]
|date=2020
|accessdate=2020-07-16
}}
}}


{{ABBR}}
{{REF}}
{{REF}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Wawer, Maria J.}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wawer, Maria J.}}


[[Category:People]]
[[Category:Person]]
[[Category:Female]]
[[Category:Bias]]
[[Category:Promoter]]
[[Category:Researcher]]
 
[[Category:Circumcision in Africa]]
[[Category:Circumcision in Africa]]
[[Category:Researcher]]
 
[[Category:USA]]


[[Category:From CircLeaks]]
[[Category:From CircLeaks]]
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
[[de:{{FULLPAGENAME}}]]
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