Circumcision risks

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Work in progress: The following information does not claim to be complete. More content will be added gradually.

This article wants to offer a comprehensive overview of risks which can occur by undergoing a circumcision. This page is a landing page for those who want to find a quick overview about circumcision risks. Chances are that information given here is shown in more detail in other IntactiWiki articles.

Contents

General risks

Operative risks

  • Death
  • Amputation of the penis
  • Amputation of the glans
  • Amputation of excess skin or denudation
  • Burn of the penis after usage of electrocauter
  • Shock or coma due to the extreme pain (newborn circumcision)
  • Because circumcision is type of surgery always, it also encompasses all the basic risks of surgery.
  • Infection
  • Bleeding, excess bleeding
  • Surgical mishap

Post-operative risks (A-Z)

  • Abnormal healing
  • Adhesions between the shaft and the glans
  • Brain damage (permanent) after herpes infection (newborn circumcision with Metzitzah b'peh)
  • Chlamydiaceae infections
  • Chordee
  • Deformation of the penis
  • Early ablactation (weaning) (newborn circumcision)
  • Epispadias
  • Excessive foreskin removed (leads to deformation)
  • Fistulas
  • Genital warts
  • Gonorrhea
  • Herpes infection (newborn circumcision with Metzitzah b'peh)
  • Hypospadias
  • Impetigo
  • Impotence
  • Inclusion cysts
  • Infection
  • Insufficient foreskin removed (re-surgery often done)
  • Intraperitoneal rupture of the urinary bladder
  • Loss of penile sensitivity
  • Lubricants required for masturbation and intercourse
  • Lung tear due to extreme cries of pain (newborn circumcision)
  • Lymphoedema
  • Meatal stenosis (20% complication rate)
  • Meatal ulcer
  • Meatitis
  • Necrosis of the penis
  • Oedema of the glans
  • Phimosis
  • Pain in erected state of the penis
  • Risk of required re-surgery
  • Sexual dysfunction
  • Skin bridges between the shaft and the glans
  • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome[1]
  • Syphilis
  • Tummy wall tear due to extreme cries of pain (newborn circumcision)
  • Uretritis
  • Urethrocutaneous fistula
  • Urinary retention (this has caused deaths)
  • ...

Psychological risks

Immediate risks

  • PTSD due to newborn trauma
  • Brain damage due to the extreme pain (newborn circumcision without effective anesthesia)
  • Loss of bonding and trust to parents
  • Nipple confusion (newborn circumcision)
  • Frustration due to sexual dysfunction
  • Lowered pain sensitivity threshold (newborn circumcision)

Delayed risks

AAP confirms complications

The AAP offers a coding newsletter for those who encode medical diagnoses in ICD codes. They offer a "Subspecialty Corner: Coding for Complications of Neonatal Circumcision"[2] which definitely confirms that even the AAP knows of a bunch of complications.

Complication rates

In fact, of course, not all possible complication rates have the same frequency and therefore not the same relevance. It is necessary to collect statistics on which complications are serious. Basically, however, it should be noted that circumcision without a medical indication is the most unnecessary complication in itself, with a 100% rate.

The German Academy of Children and Youth Medicine (DAKJ) (2012) conducted an internet survey of medical practices and determined a serious complication rate of approx. 6% based on the reported data.[3] Thorup et al. (2013) report that about 5.1% of the recorded complications were significant complications.[4] Zöller et al. (2014) analyzed patient data in a retrospective and find that the complication rate after male circumcision is relevant.[5]

Patel (1966) reported a complication rate of 55% in a series at Kingston General Hospital in Ontariɔ.[6]

Williams & Kapila (1993) reviewed the complications of circumcision. They estimated a complication rate of 2 to 10 percenʈ[7]

Lau et al. (2018) used the Utah All-Payer Claims Database to determine the incidence of circumcision and the percentage of complications for the state of Utah. The authors reported an incidence of neonatal circumcision of 29 percent and an incidence of complications of 11.5 percenʈ[8]

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑   Elhaik, Eran (11 January 2019). Neonatal circumcision could increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome in babies – new research, MedicalXpress. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
  2. ↑   Subspecialty Corner: Coding for Complications of Neonatal Circumcision. AAP Pediatric Coding Newsletter. 2017; (9) Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  3. ↑   (21 December 2016). Beschneidung von minderjährigen Jungen [Circumcision of minor boys] (German). Retrieved 24 November 2020.
  4. ↑   Thorup J, Cortes-Thorup S, Rasmussen-Ifaoui JB. Complication rate after circumcision in a paediatric surgical setting should not be neglected. Dan Med J. 2013; 60: 1-3. PMID. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
  5. ↑   Zöller C, Fernandez G, Peteresen C, Ure B. (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie) Stationäre Behandlung bei Komplikationen nach männlicher Beschneidung: Retrospektive Analyse eines deutschen Referenzzentrums [Inpatient treatment for complications after male circumcision: Retrospective analysis of a German reference center] (German) 21 March 2014; Retrieved 24 November 2020.
  6. ↑   Patel, Hawa. The problem of routine circumcision. Canad Med Assoct J. 10 September 1966; 95(11): 576-81. PMID. PMC. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  7. ↑   Williams, Nigel, Kapila, Leela. Complications of circumcision.. Brit J Surg. 1993; 80(10): 1231-6. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  8. ↑   Lau, Glen, Kim, Jaewhan, Shaeffer Anthony. Identification of circumcision complications using a regional claims database. Societies for Pediatric Urology. 2018; Retrieved 26 November 2020.
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