20,860
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
|format=
|quote=
Add categories.
{{Construction SiteGraphicWarning}} The '''frenulum of the foreskin''', often known simply as the '''frenulum''', is an elastic band of tissue under the [[glans penis]] that connects the [[foreskin]] (prepuce) to the vernal [[mucosa]], and helps contract the foreskin over the glans.<refname="Jensen">{{REFbook
|last=Jensen
|first=Christian
|init=C
|year=2011
|title=Can I Just Ask?
|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/9938850-can-i-just-ask
|work=
|editor=
|volume=
|chapter=
|pagespage=58
|location=
|publisher=Hay House
}}</ref> The frenular artery passes through the frenulum.
Rarely, boys are born without a frenulum. This condition causes no issues and permits unusually full retraction of the foreskin. ==SensitivitySensation and stimulation==
The frenulum and the associated tissue delta on the underside of the [[penis]] below the corona has been described in sexuality textbooks as "very reactive" and "particularly responsive to touch that is light and soft". The "underside of the shaft of the penis, meaning the part below the corona" is a "source of distinct pleasure".<ref name="hass1993">{{REFbook
|last=Hass
|first=K.
|init=K
|author-link=
|last2=Hass
|first2=A.
|init2=A
|author2-link=
|year=1993
|accessdate=2019-10-01
|note=
}}</ref> Crooks and Baur (1993) observe that two extremely sensitive specific locations that many men find particularly responsive to stimulation are the corona, and the frenulum.<ref name="crooks1993">{{REFbook
|last=Crooks
|first=R.
|init=R
|last2=Baur
|first2=K.
|init2=K
|year=1993
|title=Our Sexuality
|volume=
|chapter=
|pagespage=129
|location=Redwood City
|publisher=Benjamin/Cummings
}}</ref> Repeated stimulation of this structure will cause orgasm and ejaculation in some men.
In men with spinal cord injury preventing sensations from reaching the brain, the frenulum just below the glans can be stimulated to produce orgasm and peri-ejaculatory response.<refname="Saulino">{{REFjournal
|last=Saulino
|first=Michael F.
|coauthorsinit=MF
|title=Rehabilitation of Persons With Spinal Cord Injuries
|journal=WebMD
|DOI=
|accessdate=2019-10-01
}}</ref><refname="Pryor">{{REFjournal
|last=Pryor
|firstinit=JL |coauthorslast2=Leroy, |first2=Suzanne C.; |init2=SC |last3=Nagel, |first3=Theodore C.; |init3=TC |last4=Hensleigh, |first4=Hugh C. |init4=HC
|title=Vibratory stimulation for treatment of anejaculation in quadriplegic men
|journal=Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80044-1
|accessdate=
}}</ref><ref name="Gary2000">{{REFjournal
|last=Preiser
|first=Gary
|init=G
|last2=Herschel
|init2=M
|last3=Bartman
|init3=T
|last4=Andersson
|init4=C
|last5=Bailis
|init5=SA
|last6=Shechet
|init6=RJ
|last7=Tanenbaum
|init7=B
|last8=Kunin
|init8=SA
|last9=Hodges
|init9=FM
|last10=Fleiss
|init10=PM
|last11=Antonopoulos
|init11=J
|last12=Rockney
|init12=R
|last13=Taylor
|init14=A
|last15=Stang
|init15=H
|last16=Snellman
|init16=L
|last17=Fontaine
|init17=P
|last18=Condon
|init18=LM
|last19=Lannon
|init19=CM
|etal=yes
|title=Circumcision—The Debates Goes On
|journal=Pediatrics
|date=2000
|volume=105
|issue=3 Pt 1
|pages=681-684
|url=
|quote=
|pubmedID=10733391
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1542/peds.105.3.681
|accessdate=
}}</ref>
==Pathology==
[[Frenulum breve]] is a condition in which the [[frenulum ]] is short and restricts the movement of the [[foreskin]], which may or may not interfere with normal sexual activity. Frenulum breve may be treated by manually expanding the [[shaft skin]] by [[stretching]]. The condition can may also be treated by [[frenuloplasty, frenectomy]], or [[circumcisionfrenectomy]]. Frenulum breve may contribute to frenular chordee, where the glans is pulled toward the vernal body of the penis. Frenulum breve may also be treated by manually expanding the shaft skin by stretching.{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}}
The [[frenulum ]] may be entirely missing in cases of first degree [[hypospadias]].
It is possible for the frenulum to tear during sexual activities. The frenular artery, a branch of the dorsal artery, may be severed, causing significant [[bleeding]].
In the event of [[frenulum breve]] or frenular chordee, or to ensure that the glans can be freely and completely exposed, the frenulum may be partially or totally removed. It is also often removed in a [[circumcision]].<ref name="pmid2305537Griffin-Kroovand1990">{{REFjournal |last=Griffin |init=AS, Kroovand RL |firstlast2=Kroovand |coauthorsinit2=RL
|title=Frenular chordee: implications and treatment
|journal=Urology
|issue=2
|pages=133-134
|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/009042959080060Z
|quote=
|pubmedID=2305537
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1016/0090-4295(90)80060-Z
|accessdate=2019-10-01}}</ref><ref name="pmid10733391Gary2000"/> It has been noted that the wound where the frenulum was amputated is usually slower to heal than the wound where the foreskin was amputated. Song et al. (2015) report that the frenulum may need to be lengthened after a circumcision amputates [[skin]] tissue from the penis.<ref>{{REFjournal |last=PreiserSong |init=B |last2=Hou |firstinit2=GaryZH |coauthorslast3=Herschel, M.; Bartman, T.; Andersson, C.; Bailis, S.A.; Shechet, R.J.; Tanenbaum, B.; Kunin, S.A.; Hodges, F.M.; Fleiss, P.M.; Antonopoulos, J.; Rockney, R.; Taylor, A.; Stang, H.; Snellman, L.; Fontaine, P.; Condon, L.M.; Lannon, C.M.Liu |init3=QL |last4=Qian |init4=WP |title=Circumcision—The Debates Goes On[Penile frenulum lengthening for premature ejaculation] |journal=PediatricsZhonghua Nan Ke Xue |date=20002015-01-01 |volume=10521 |issue=3 Pt 12 |pages=681149-684152
|url=
|quote=
|pubmedID=1073339125796689
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1542/peds.105.3.681 |accessdate=}}</ref><ref>{{REFweb |url=http://med.stanford.edu/newborns/professional-education/circumcision.html |title=Neonatal Circumcision: An Audiovisual Primer |last= |first= |publisher=Stanford School of Medicine |website= |date=
|accessdate=2019-10-01
}}</ref>
==Penis frenectomy==
A frenectomy can be performed to remove the frenulum from the penis, which is a treatment for [[frenulum breve]] or frenular chordee.<ref name="pmid2305537Griffin-Kroovand1990"/> This is a form of genital [[Genital frenectomy (disambiguation)|genital frenectomy]]. The frenulum may be cut when a male is circumcised. This may also reduce the size of the [[http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/mcgrath1/ frenular delta]]. The frenulum was reported to be cut in 26.7%, 20%, and 33.33% of circumcised patients in various surveys.<ref name="pmid2305537Griffin-Kroovand1990"/><ref name="pmid10733391Gary2000"/>
<gallery>
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Foreskin]]
* [[Ridged band]]
* [[Penis]]
{{LINKS}}
<!-- {{Commons category}} -->
* {{REFbook
|last=McGrath |first=Ken |firstinit=McGrathK
|author-link=Ken McGrath
|year=2001
|title=Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/mcgrath1/
|work=
|editoreditors=Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF
|edition=
|volume=
|isbn=978-0306467011
|quote=
|accessdate=2019-10-01
|note=
}}
<!-- {{Male reproductive system}} -->
<!-- {{Authority control}} -->
[[Category:Education]]
[[Category:Genital]]
[[Category:Medical information]]
[[Category:Penile anatomy]]
[[Category:Physiology]]