Difference between revisions of "Bleeding"

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'''Bleeding''' and hemorrhage is an ever-present risk of every surgery.
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[[File:Bleeding finger.jpg|thumb|A bleeding wound in the finger]]
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'''Bleeding''' and [[haemorrhage]] are ever-present risks of every surgery.
  
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[[Circumcision]] is amputative surgery that severs blood vessels, so there is always risk of bleeding and hemorrhage from circumcision.<ref name="hiss2000">{{REFjournal
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[[Circumcision]] is amputative surgery that severs blood vessels, including the frenular artery, so there is always risk of bleeding and hemorrhage from circumcision.<ref name="krill2011">{{REFjournal
 +
|last=Krill
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|first=Aaron J.
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|init=
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|author-link=
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|last2=Palmer
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|first2=Lane S.
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|init2=
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|author2-link=
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|last3=Palmer
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|first3=Jeffrey S.
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|init3=
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|author3-link=
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|etal=
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|title=Complications of circumcision
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|trans-title=
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|language=
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|journal= ScientificWorldJournal
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|location=
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|date=2011-12-26
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|volume=11
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|issue=
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|article=
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|page=
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|pages=2458-68
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|url=https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2011/373829/
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|archived=
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|quote=
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|pubmedID=22235177
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|pubmedCID=3253617
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|DOI=https://doi.org/10.1100/2011/373829
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|accessdate=2022-01-28
 +
}}</ref><ref name="hiss2000">{{REFjournal
 
  |last=Hiss
 
  |last=Hiss
 
  |init=J
 
  |init=J
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|author-link=
 
 
  |last2=Horowitz
 
  |last2=Horowitz
 
  |init2=A
 
  |init2=A
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|author2-link=
 
 
  |last3=Kahama
 
  |last3=Kahama
 
  |init3=T
 
  |init3=T
−
|author3-link=
 
−
|etal=no
 
 
  |title=Fatal haemorrhage following male ritual circumcision
 
  |title=Fatal haemorrhage following male ritual circumcision
 
  |journal=J Clin Forensic Med
 
  |journal=J Clin Forensic Med
−
|location=
 
 
  |date=2000
 
  |date=2000
 
  |volume=7
 
  |volume=7
−
|issue=
 
 
  |pages=32-4
 
  |pages=32-4
 
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/death/hiss1/
 
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/death/hiss1/
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|quote=
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  |pubmedID=15274991
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  |pubmedID=   15274991
 
−
|pubmedCID=
 
 
  |DOI=10.1054/jcfm.1999.0340
 
  |DOI=10.1054/jcfm.1999.0340
 
  |accessdate=2019-01-16
 
  |accessdate=2019-01-16
 
}}</ref>
 
}}</ref>
  
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The vast majority of circumcisions performed in the United States are medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcisions performed on newborn infants in which there is no medical indication or disease of any kind present.
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Unlike preparations for other surgeries, it is not customary to test baby boys for their blood clotting ability prior to the excision and [[amputation]] of the [[foreskin]]. In ancient times, another measure was taken to "protect" e.g. Jewish infants who did not have blood clotting abilities: The fact that circumcision on Jewish infants regularly led to [[Death| deaths]] is shown by the fact that the Talmud of Babylon, Yebamoth 64b,<ref>[http://www.come-and-hear.com/yebamoth/yebamoth_64.html Babylonian Talmud: Tractate Yebamoth]</ref> provides for when the first two (or three) sons have died after circumcision, subsequent sons no longer need to be [[circumcised]].
 +
 
 +
The vast majority of circumcisions performed in the [[United States]] are medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcisions performed on newborn infants in which there is no [[medical indication]] or disease of any kind present. Such circumcisions expose the infant boy to all surgical risks without any compensating health benefit.
  
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Newborn infants, which weigh only a few pounds, have very little blood in their tiny bodies. Loss of only a slight amount of blood can and does cause exsangination and  ''hypovolemic shock''.<ref>{{REFweb
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Newborn infants, which weigh only a few pounds, have very little blood in their tiny bodies, so any bleeding is a very serious matter. Loss of only a slight amount of blood can and does cause exsangination and  ''hypovolemic [[shock]]''.<ref>{{REFweb
 
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypovolemic+shock
 
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypovolemic+shock
 
  |title=Hypovolemic shock
 
  |title=Hypovolemic shock
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|trans-title=
 
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|language=
 
−
|last=
 
−
|first=
 
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|author-link=
 
 
  |publisher=Farlex
 
  |publisher=Farlex
 
  |website=The Free Dictionary
 
  |website=The Free Dictionary
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|date=
 
 
  |accessdate=2020-01-16
 
  |accessdate=2020-01-16
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|format=
 
−
|quote=
 
 
}}</ref> Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause [[death]].
 
}}</ref> Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause [[death]].
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== What the AAP says ==
 
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The [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] (AAP) issued its last position statement on male circumcision in 2012. That statement has received unrelenting critical comment since its publication.  Under AAP policy, every statement expires after five years unless re-affirmed.  The circumcision statement has not been affirmed, so it has expired. At the present time (2020) the AAP has no policy statement on circumcision.
 
  
 
== [[UNAIDS]] ==
 
== [[UNAIDS]] ==
  
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"[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include death from excess bleeding and amputation of the glans penis. Postoperative complications include the formation of skin bridges between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occuring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.<ref>{{REFweb
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"[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include [[death]] from excess bleeding and [[amputation]] of the [[glans penis]]. Postoperative complications include the formation of [[skin bridges]] between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occurring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.<ref>{{REFweb
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| quote=
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  |url=http://www.malecircumcision.org/research/documents/Neonatal_child_MC_global_review.pdf
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  | url=http://www.malecircumcision.org/research/documents/Neonatal_child_MC_global_review.pdf
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  |title=Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review
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  | title=Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review
+
  |last=Weiss
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  | last=Weiss
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  |first=Helen
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  | first=Helen
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  |author-link=Helen Weiss
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  | publisher=UNAIDS
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  |publisher=[[UNAIDS]]
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  | work=
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  |date=2010
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  | date=2010
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  |accessdate=2012-11-23
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  | accessdate=2012-11-23
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}}</ref>
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}}</ref>  
 
  
 
== [[NOHARMM]] ==
 
== [[NOHARMM]] ==
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An estimated number of complications is calculated in [http://www.noharmm.org/incidenceworld.htm this page].
 
An estimated number of complications is calculated in [http://www.noharmm.org/incidenceworld.htm this page].
  
 
{{SEEALSO}}
 
{{SEEALSO}}
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* [[Blood loss danger to infants]]
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* [[Risks and complications]]
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* [[Complication]]
 
* [[Death]]
 
* [[Death]]
 
* [[Fatalities]]
 
* [[Fatalities]]
−
 
+
* [[Penile haematoma]]
 +
* [[Risks and complications]]
 
{{LINKS}}
 
{{LINKS}}
 
* {{REFweb
 
* {{REFweb
 
  |url=http://www.circumstitions.com/death-exsang.html
 
  |url=http://www.circumstitions.com/death-exsang.html
−
  |title=JUDGEMENT OF INQUIRY INTO THE DEATH OF McWILLIS, RYLEIGH ROMAN BRYAN
+
  |title=Judgement of Inquiry into the death of McWillis, Ryleigh Roman Bryan
−
|trans-title=
 
−
|language=
 
 
  |last=Newell
 
  |last=Newell
 
  |first=Chico
 
  |first=Chico
−
|author-link=
 
 
  |publisher=Office of the Chief Coroner, Province of British Columbia
 
  |publisher=Office of the Chief Coroner, Province of British Columbia
 
  |website=Cirumstitions
 
  |website=Cirumstitions
 
  |date=2004-01-19
 
  |date=2004-01-19
 
  |accessdate=2020-01-15
 
  |accessdate=2020-01-15
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=http://www.drmomma.org/2010/05/death-from-circumcision.html
 +
|title=Death from Circumcision
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|publisher=Dr. Momma
 +
|last=
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|first=
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|accessdate=2021-07-21
 +
}}
 +
*{{REFweb
 +
|url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/for-professionals/complications/#anchor-02
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|archived=
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|title=Bleeding
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|trans-title=
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|language=
 +
|last=
 +
|first=
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|author-link=
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|publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]]
 +
|website=
 +
|date=2016
 +
|accessdate=2022-01-15
 
  |format=
 
  |format=
 
  |quote=
 
  |quote=
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{{REF}}
 
{{REF}}
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[[Category:Parental information]]
 
[[Category:Parental information]]
 
[[Category:Circumcision risk]]
 
[[Category:Circumcision risk]]
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[[Category:Risks and complications]]
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[[Category:Circumcision complication]]
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[[Category:From Intactipedia]]
 
[[Category:From Intactipedia]]
 
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
 
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
  
 
[[de:Blutung]]
 
[[de:Blutung]]

Latest revision as of 15:15, 12 November 2024

A bleeding wound in the finger

Bleeding and haemorrhage are ever-present risks of every surgery.

Circumcision is amputative surgery that severs blood vessels, including the frenular artery, so there is always risk of bleeding and hemorrhage from circumcision.[1][2]

Unlike preparations for other surgeries, it is not customary to test baby boys for their blood clotting ability prior to the excision and amputation of the foreskin. In ancient times, another measure was taken to "protect" e.g. Jewish infants who did not have blood clotting abilities: The fact that circumcision on Jewish infants regularly led to deaths is shown by the fact that the Talmud of Babylon, Yebamoth 64b,[3] provides for when the first two (or three) sons have died after circumcision, subsequent sons no longer need to be circumcised.

The vast majority of circumcisions performed in the United States are medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcisions performed on newborn infants in which there is no medical indication or disease of any kind present. Such circumcisions expose the infant boy to all surgical risks without any compensating health benefit.

Newborn infants, which weigh only a few pounds, have very little blood in their tiny bodies, so any bleeding is a very serious matter. Loss of only a slight amount of blood can and does cause exsangination and hypovolemic shock.[4] Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause death.

UNAIDS

"[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include death from excess bleeding and amputation of the glans penis. Postoperative complications include the formation of skin bridges between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occurring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.[5]

NOHARMM

An estimated number of complications is calculated in this page.

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ REFjournal Krill, Aaron J., Palmer, Lane S., Palmer, Jeffrey S.. Complications of circumcision. ScientificWorldJournal. 26 December 2011; 11: 2458-68. PMID. PMC. DOI. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  2. ↑ REFjournal Hiss J, Horowitz A, Kahama T. Fatal haemorrhage following male ritual circumcision. J Clin Forensic Med. 2000; 7: 32-4. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  3. ↑ Babylonian Talmud: Tractate Yebamoth
  4. ↑ REFweb Hypovolemic shock, The Free Dictionary, Farlex. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  5. ↑ REFweb Weiss, Helen (2010). Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review, UNAIDS. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
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