Circumcision and STDs: Difference between revisions
m wikify amputation |
m wikify HIV, adjust REFs |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
This article discusses the claims that male [[circumcision]] reduces the incidence of STDs other than HIV/AIDS. For a discussion of the claims made regarding HIV, see [[Circumcision and HIV]]. | This article discusses the claims that male [[circumcision]] reduces the incidence of STDs other than [[HIV]]/AIDS. For a discussion of the claims made regarding [[HIV]], see [[Circumcision and HIV]]. | ||
==Circumcision promotion== | ==Circumcision promotion== | ||
| Line 184: | Line 184: | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
There is also some research to suggest that lysozyme may protect against HIV infection.<ref>{{REFweb | There is also some research to suggest that lysozyme may protect against [[HIV]] infection.<ref>{{REFweb | ||
|first=George | |first=George | ||
|last=Hill | |last=Hill | ||
| Line 212: | Line 212: | ||
|accessdate=2019-10-20 | |accessdate=2019-10-20 | ||
}}</ref> which is a very important non-antibody protein that generates immune response when in contact with specific agents. Plasma cells which increase in number in response to pathogens levels, secrete immunoglobulin.<ref name="flower1983"/> | }}</ref> which is a very important non-antibody protein that generates immune response when in contact with specific agents. Plasma cells which increase in number in response to pathogens levels, secrete immunoglobulin.<ref name="flower1983"/> | ||
It is also very important to note that [[Langerhans cells]] that are present in the foreskin produce ''Langerin'', a substance that has been proven to kill human immunodeficency virus (HIV) on contact.<ref>{{REFjournal | It is also very important to note that [[Langerhans cells]] that are present in the foreskin produce ''Langerin'', a substance that has been proven to kill human immunodeficency virus ([[HIV]]) on contact.<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
|last=de Witte | |last=de Witte | ||
|init=L | |init=L | ||
| Line 557: | Line 557: | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
[[Morten Frisch]] and Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in [[Denmark]] of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male [[circumcision]] in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that circumcised men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than [[intact]] men.<ref name="frisch2021">{{REFjournal | [[Morten Frisch]] and Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in [[Denmark]] of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male [[circumcision]] in preventing [[HIV]] and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that circumcised men have a higher rate of STI and [[HIV]] infection overall than [[intact]] men.<ref name="frisch2021">{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Frisch | |last=Frisch | ||
|first=Morten | |first=Morten | ||
| Line 683: | Line 683: | ||
{{LINKS}} | {{LINKS}} | ||
* {{REFweb | * {{REFweb | ||
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/disease/STD/ | |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/disease/STD/ | ||
|title=Circumcision and Sexually Transmitted Infections | |title=Circumcision and Sexually Transmitted Infections | ||
|publisher=Circumcision Reference Library | |publisher=Circumcision Reference Library | ||
|website=www.cirp.org | |website=www.cirp.org | ||
|date=2008-03-10 | |date=2008-03-10 | ||
|accessdate=2020-05-22 | |accessdate=2020-05-22 | ||
}} | }} | ||
* {{REFweb | * {{REFweb | ||
|url=https://www.i2researchhub.org/articles/ch-3-alleged-medical-benefits-of-circumcision-doc-genital-integrity-statement/ | |url=https://www.i2researchhub.org/articles/ch-3-alleged-medical-benefits-of-circumcision-doc-genital-integrity-statement/ | ||
|title=Ch. 3: Alleged Medical Benefits of Circumcision (DOC Genital Integrity Statement) | |title=Ch. 3: Alleged Medical Benefits of Circumcision (DOC Genital Integrity Statement) | ||
|last=Hill | |last=Hill | ||
|first=George | |first=George | ||
|author-link= | |author-link=George Hill | ||
|publisher=Doctors Opposing Circumcision | |publisher=Doctors Opposing Circumcision | ||
|website=Research hub | |website=Research hub | ||
|date=2008-06-14 | |date=2008-06-14 | ||
|accessdate=2020-05-22 | |accessdate=2020-05-22 | ||
}} | }} | ||
* {{REFweb | * {{REFweb | ||
|url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/for-professionals/alleged-medical-benefits/sexually-transmitted-infections/ | |url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/for-professionals/alleged-medical-benefits/sexually-transmitted-infections/ | ||
|title=Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) | |title=Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) | ||
|publisher=Doctors Opposing Circumcision | |publisher=Doctors Opposing Circumcision | ||
|website=www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org | |website=www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org | ||
|date=2016 | |date=2016 | ||
|accessdate=2020-05-22 | |accessdate=2020-05-22 | ||
}} | }} | ||