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wikify Bessel van der Kolk
|DOI=
|accessdate=2020-03-04
}}</ref> [[Bessel van der Kolk|Van der Kolk ]] (1989) has shown that traumatized persons are compelled to repeat their trauma on themselves or others.<ref name="vanderkolk1989">{{REFjournal
|last=van der Kolk
|first=Bessel
|init=BBA |author-link=Bessel van der Kolk
|etal=no
|title=The compulsion to repeat the trauma: re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism
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