Development of retractable foreskin: Difference between revisions

Line 316:

== Avoidance of excessive retraction ==

The [[foreskin]] developed by natural selection over an aeon of time to provide survival of the fittest. The presence of the foreskin makes mankind more fit to survive. The foreskin is endowed with [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological and protective functions]] to improve health and well-being. Retraction of the foreskin opens the [[preputial sac]] and allows entry of contaminants and pathogens,<ref name="fleiss-hodges-vanhowe1998">Fleiss PM, Hodges FM, Van Howe RS. [https://www.cirp.org/library/disease/STD/fleiss3/ Immunological functions of the human prepuce]. Sex Transm Infect. 1998 Oct;74(5):364-7. doi: 10.1136/sti.74.5.364. PMID: 10195034; PMCID: PMC1758142.</ref> so retraction should be minimized.

Birley et al. (1993) reported excessive washing, especially with the use of soap, will dry the oils out of tissues and cause a balanitis like inflammation. The use of soap (including body wash, shower gel, and shampoo) should be avoided and emollients should be applied.<ref name="Birley1991">{{REFjournal

|last=Birley

|init=HDL

|author-link=

|last2=Wasker

|init2=MM

|last3=Luzzi

|init3=GA

|etal=yes

|title=Clinical Features and management of recurrent balanitis; association with atopy and genital washing

|journal=Genitourin Med

|date=1993-10-01

|volume=69

|issue=5

|pages=400-3

|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1195128/pdf/genitmed00029-0074.pdf

|quote=

|pubmedID=8244363

|pubmedCID=1195128

|DOI=10.1136/sti.69.5.400

|accessdate=2026-05-01

}}</ref> [[Jojoba]] oil has been recommended as an emollient.

The foreskin should be kept in its normal forward position so that the protective functions are operative. Retraction and washing should be minimized.

== Making the foreskin retractable ==

@@ Line 316: / Line 316: @@
 == Avoidance of excessive retraction ==
 The [[foreskin]] developed by natural selection over an aeon of time to provide survival of the fittest. The presence of the foreskin makes mankind more fit to survive. The foreskin is endowed with [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological and protective functions]] to improve health and well-being. Retraction of the foreskin opens the [[preputial sac]] and allows entry of contaminants and pathogens,<ref name="fleiss-hodges-vanhowe1998">Fleiss PM, Hodges FM, Van Howe RS. [https://www.cirp.org/library/disease/STD/fleiss3/ Immunological functions of the human prepuce]. Sex Transm Infect. 1998 Oct;74(5):364-7. doi: 10.1136/sti.74.5.364. PMID: 10195034; PMCID: PMC1758142.</ref> so retraction should be minimized.
+Birley et al. (1993) reported excessive washing, especially with the use of soap, will dry the oils out of tissues and cause a balanitis like inflammation. The use of soap (including body wash, shower gel, and shampoo) should be avoided and emollients should be applied.<ref name="Birley1991">{{REFjournal
+ |last=Birley
+ |init=HDL
+ |author-link=
+ |last2=Wasker
+ |init2=MM
+ |last3=Luzzi
+ |init3=GA
+ |etal=yes
+ |title=Clinical Features and management of recurrent balanitis; association with atopy and genital washing
+ |journal=Genitourin Med
+ |date=1993-10-01
+ |volume=69
+ |issue=5
+ |pages=400-3
+ |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1195128/pdf/genitmed00029-0074.pdf
+ |quote=
+ |pubmedID=8244363
+ |pubmedCID=1195128
+ |DOI=10.1136/sti.69.5.400
+ |accessdate=2026-05-01
+}}</ref> [[Jojoba]] oil has been recommended as an emollient.
+The foreskin should be kept in its normal forward position so that the protective functions are operative. Retraction and washing should be minimized.
 == Making the foreskin retractable ==