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→Human rights and medical ethics issues: Add citation.
==Human rights and medical ethics issues==
Baby boys have rights under both international [[human rights]] law and domestic law <ref>[https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12998230422916570030&q=Union+Pacific+Railway+Company+v.+Botsford,+141+U.S.+250+(1891)&hl=en&as_sdt=8000003 Union Pacific R. Co. v. Botsford], 141 US 250 - Supreme Court 1891.</ref> from the instant they are born alive. [[Medical ethics]] requires medical doctors to respect those rights.
* The ACOG practice of having a parent provide [[surrogate consent]] for a medically-unnecessary genital mutilation violates the boy's right to ''autonomy''.