Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine: Difference between revisions
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Osteopathic medicine is practiced in parallel with allopathic medicine in the [[United States]]. | Osteopathic medicine is practiced in parallel with allopathic medicine in the [[United States]]. | ||
The [https://osteopathic.org/ American Osteopathic Association] (AOA) is the [[medical trade association]] for osteopathic doctors. The AOA has not enunciated a position regarding male circumcision, however the AOA has adopted four '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' that may be applied to both [[child circumcision]] and [[adult circumcision]]. | The [https://osteopathic.org/ American Osteopathic Association] (AOA) is the [[medical trade association]] for osteopathic doctors. The AOA has not enunciated a position regarding male circumcision, however the AOA has adopted four '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' that may be applied to both [[child circumcision]] and [[adult circumcision]]. The Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine express the underlying philosophy of osteopathic medicine and were approved by the AOA House of Delegates as policy. | ||
==Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine== | ==Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine== | ||
===1. The body is a unit; the person is a unit of body, mind and spirit.=== | ===1. The body is a unit; the person is a unit of body, mind and spirit.=== | ||
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The [[foreskin]] [[Development of retractable foreskin| develops throughout childhood]] usually without medical intervention. [[Forced foreskin retraction]] is harmful, inappropriate, and inconsistent with the tenets of osteopathic medicine | The [[foreskin]] [[Development of retractable foreskin| develops throughout childhood]] usually without medical intervention.<ref name="agarwal2005">{{REFjournal | ||
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|title=Preputial retraction in children | |||
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|journal=J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg | |||
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|date=2005-04 | |||
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|volume=10 | |||
|issue=2 | |||
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|pages=89-91 | |||
|url=https://journals.lww.com/jiap/fulltext/2005/10020/preputial_retraction_in_children.5.aspx | |||
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|DOI=10.4103/0971-9261.16468 | |||
|accessdate=2026-03-18 | |||
}}</ref> [[Forced foreskin retraction]] is harmful, inappropriate, [[trauma| traumatic]], and inconsistent with the tenets of osteopathic medicine. | |||
===3. Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated.=== | ===3. Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated.=== | ||
Latest revision as of 02:28, 19 March 2026
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Osteopathic medicine is practiced in parallel with allopathic medicine in the United States.
The American Osteopathic Association (AOA) is the medical trade association for osteopathic doctors. The AOA has not enunciated a position regarding male circumcision, however the AOA has adopted four Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine that may be applied to both child circumcision and adult circumcision. The Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine express the underlying philosophy of osteopathic medicine and were approved by the AOA House of Delegates as policy.
Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine
1. The body is a unit; the person is a unit of body, mind and spirit.
The harmful, adverse effects of circumcision upon the human person had, until recently, been ignored for many decades. Now there is increasing evidence of the harm of the pain, trauma, and amputation of the multi-functional foreskin upon the sexual and psychological well-being of the human person.
2. The body is capable of self-regulation, self-healing and health maintenance.
Charles Darwin (1859) observed that survival of the fittest caused evolution. The foreskin was created and improved by evolution to provide protection of the penis from both trauma and infection. Fleiss, Hodges & Van Howe (1998) enumerated numerous ways in which the foreskin protects against infection.[1]
The foreskin develops throughout childhood usually without medical intervention.[2] Forced foreskin retraction is harmful, inappropriate, traumatic, and inconsistent with the tenets of osteopathic medicine.
3. Structure and function are reciprocally interrelated.
The human penis and its foreskin are excellent examples of the truth of this tenet.[3]
4. Rational treatment is based upon an understanding of the basic principles of body unity, self-regulation and the interrelationship of structure and function.
When these basic principles are applied, it will quickly be seen that harmful medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcision of boys is contraindicated.[4] [5]
See also
External links
Wikipedia article: Osteopathic medicine in the United States- Official website. Retrieved 18 March 2026
References
- ↑
Fleiss PM, Hodges FM, Van Howe RS. Immunological Functions of the Human Prepuce. Sex Transm Infect. October 1998; 74(5): 364-7. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 18 March 2026.
- ↑ Agarwal A, Mohta A, Anand RK. Preputial retraction in children. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. April 2005; 10(2): 89-91. DOI. Retrieved 18 March 2026.
- ↑ Cold CJ, Taylor JR. The prepuce. BJU Int. January 1999; 83, Suppl. 1: 34-44. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
- ↑ Hill G. The case against circumcision
. Journal of Men's Health and Gender. 2007; 4(3): 318-23. Retrieved 18 March 2026.
Quote:Finally, we must remember that males are the more vulnerableand sensitive of the two genders and, therefore, deserve the greater degree of protection from traumatic, invasive, injurious, and unnecessary surgery.
- ↑ Andersen-Giberson D. Circumcision and forced disability: Routine male neonatal circumcision and the consequences of amputation within a critical disability studies framework . Critical Disability Discourses. December 2025; 10(2): 1-37. DOI. Retrieved 12 March 2026.
Quote:In a critical disability studies framework, it is argued that the act of amputating healthy erogenous tissue and the consequences of that amputation cause disability, particularly from a counter-hegemonic lens.
