World Health Organization: Difference between revisions
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In July 2012, the '''WHO''' (World Health Organization) published a study<ref>[http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/ Male circumcision for HIV prevention]</ref> (just in time for the just then started [[Circumcision Debate]] in Germany) which recommended to perform [[circumcision]]s as a prevention against HIV/AIDS. This study supposedly promises a 60% protection against AIDS. | In July 2012, the '''WHO''' (World Health Organization) published a study<ref>[http://www.who.int/hiv/topics/malecircumcision/en/ Male circumcision for HIV prevention]</ref> (just in time for the just then started [[Circumcision Debate]] in Germany) which recommended to perform [[circumcision]]s as a prevention against [[HIV]]/AIDS. This study supposedly promises a 60% protection against AIDS. | ||
[[Circumcision]] proponents use this study<ref>{{REFweb | [[Circumcision]] proponents use this study<ref>{{REFweb | ||
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== Guideline Development Group (GDG) == | == Guideline Development Group (GDG) == | ||
In May 2018, the WHO announced to develop new guidelines on male circumcision, focusing on doing even more male circumcisions as a HIV/AIS prevention action.<ref>{{REFweb | In May 2018, the WHO announced to develop new guidelines on male circumcision, focusing on doing even more male circumcisions as a [[HIV]]/AIS prevention action.<ref>{{REFweb | ||
|url=https://www.who.int/hiv/mediacentre/news/gdg-male-circumcision/en/ | |url=https://www.who.int/hiv/mediacentre/news/gdg-male-circumcision/en/ | ||
|title=WHO to develop new guidelines on male circumcision | |title=WHO to develop new guidelines on male circumcision | ||
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''The following sections are from [[IntactWiki]]:'' | ''The following sections are from [[IntactWiki]]:'' | ||
The World Health Organization endorses male circumcision as an HIV prevention method based on the three RCTs in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda.<ref>{{REFweb | The World Health Organization endorses male circumcision as an [[HIV]] prevention method based on the three RCTs in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda.<ref>{{REFweb | ||
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{{Citation | {{Citation | ||
|Title=WHO Endorses Circumcision as HIV Prevention | |Title=WHO Endorses Circumcision as HIV Prevention | ||
|Text=...male circumcision should be considered an efficacious intervention for HIV prevention in countries and regions with heterosexual epidemics, high HIV and low male circumcision prevalence. | |Text=...male circumcision should be considered an efficacious intervention for [[HIV]] prevention in countries and regions with heterosexual epidemics, high [[HIV]] and low male circumcision prevalence. | ||
|Author= | |Author= | ||
|Source=[[World Health Organization]] | |Source=[[World Health Organization]] | ||
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On their website<ref name="WHO2011"/>, they acknowledge that, even if the latest "studies" were correct, "[m]ale circumcision provides only partial protection," and that it should be part of a "comprehensive HIV prevention package" that includes HIV testing and counseling services, treatment for STD infections, the promotion of safer sex practices and the provision of condoms and the promotion of their correct and consistent use. | On their website<ref name="WHO2011"/>, they acknowledge that, even if the latest "studies" were correct, "[m]ale circumcision provides only partial protection," and that it should be part of a "comprehensive [[HIV]] prevention package" that includes [[HIV]] testing and counseling services, treatment for STD infections, the promotion of safer sex practices and the provision of condoms and the promotion of their correct and consistent use. | ||
''Note: Even if the recent trials were accurate (and their credibility is highly questionable), circumcision could only reduce the relative risk of acquiring HIV between circumcised and [[uncircumcised]] men by 60% over a period of about one year.<ref name="boyle-hill2011">{{BoyleGJ HillG 2011}}</ref> Condoms have an absolute reduction risk of acquiring HIV that's over 95% (closer to 100% when used properly), making circumcision a moot point.'' | ''Note: Even if the recent trials were accurate (and their credibility is highly questionable), circumcision could only reduce the relative risk of acquiring [[HIV]] between circumcised and [[uncircumcised]] men by 60% over a period of about one year.<ref name="boyle-hill2011">{{BoyleGJ HillG 2011}}</ref> Condoms have an absolute reduction risk of acquiring [[HIV]] that's over 95% (closer to 100% when used properly), making circumcision a moot point.'' | ||
== Chief expert on infant circumcision == | == Chief expert on infant circumcision == | ||
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== Initiatives Since 2006 == | == Initiatives Since 2006 == | ||
The Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR), together with the WHO Department of HIV/AIDS and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS ([[UNAIDS]]), launched a number of new initiatives in 2006–2007.<ref name="for control">{{REFweb | The Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR), together with the WHO Department of [[HIV]]/AIDS and the Joint United Nations Programme on [[HIV]]/AIDS ([[UNAIDS]]), launched a number of new initiatives in 2006–2007.<ref name="for control">{{REFweb | ||
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=== Circumcision Manual === | === Circumcision Manual === | ||
Infant boys are born with a healthy penis and foreskin. Treatment is not required. Infant boys do not engage in sexual intercourse so they cannot contract HIV infection by sexual intercourse. Infant boys cannot grant consent for this irreversible body altering surgery which violate several significant United Nations [[human rights]] instruments. | Infant boys are born with a healthy penis and foreskin. Treatment is not required. Infant boys do not engage in sexual intercourse so they cannot contract [[HIV]] infection by sexual intercourse. Infant boys cannot grant consent for this irreversible body altering surgery which violate several significant United Nations [[human rights]] instruments. | ||
Nevertheless, in partnership with other WHO departments, UNAIDS, and the Johns Hopkins Program for International Education in Gynecology and Obstetrics (JHPIEGO), the Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR) has developed a Manual for male infant circumcision under local anaesthesia.<ref>{{REFbook | Nevertheless, in partnership with other WHO departments, UNAIDS, and the Johns Hopkins Program for International Education in Gynecology and Obstetrics (JHPIEGO), the Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR) has developed a Manual for male infant circumcision under local anaesthesia.<ref>{{REFbook | ||