Difference between revisions of "Ulf Dunkel"

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[[File:UlfDunkel_FB.jpg|thumb|Ulf Dunkel, September 2011]]
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[[File:Ulf Dunkel 2021.jpg|thumb|Ulf Dunkel 2021]]
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'''Ulf Dunkel''' (* August 27, 1962 in Löningen, Germany) is a German intactivist who engages since Summer 2012 to outlaw the medically not indicated circumcision of boys. He is father of five children and Greens politician.
+
'''Ulf Dunkel''' (pronounced ˈʊlf ˈdʊnkəl, {{LifeData |birth=1962-08-27 |birthplace=Löningen |birthcountry=Germany}}) is a German salesman, politician, author, composer and [[intactivist]] who engages since Summer 2012 to outlaw the medically not indicated circumcision of boys. He is father of five children and [[Greens]] politician.
 +
 
 +
In several Open Letters to all members of the Bundestag and with a 'Poem on the Abolition of Human Rights for Children in Germany', he tried to provide the Bundestag with information and to motivate them to disagree with the [[German Circumcision Act|legalization of not medically indicated circumcision of boys]] which German Chancellor Merkel had already required in Summer 2012.
  
 
== Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB ==
 
== Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB ==
−
In October 2012 after a longer discussion with [[Volker Beck]], Dunkel wrote an [[Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB]]. He presented this draft on the 34th Federal Delegates Conference of his Party, the German Greens, in November 2012 in Hannover (Germany). Together with all other requests of others on the topic [[circumcision]], his draft suggestion was moved from the Conference to a so-called "Religion-political Commission". This commission didn't discuss the draft requests to date.
+
In October 2012 after a longer discussion with [[Volker Beck]], Dunkel wrote an [[Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB]]. He presented this draft on the 34th Federal Delegates Conference of his Party, the German [[Greens]], in November 2012 in Hannover (Germany). Together with all other requests of others on the topic [[circumcision]], his draft suggestion was moved from the Conference to a so-called "Religion-political Commission". This commission didn't discuss the draft requests to date.
 +
 
 +
== Shitstorm ==
 +
His critical statements about the legitimation of [[German Circumcision Act]] § 1631d BGB in many discussions, his burst of rage<ref>Circulated by a denouncer as a ''poem'' in the media, this textual outburst of anger has been claimed time and again since then as an alleged second poem by Ulf Dunkel on the subject of genital mutilation. In the outburst of anger, Dunkel accused all parents around the world who genitally mutilated their children of being a**holes and fanatics.</ref> which he posted on Facebook after having watched the [[circumcision]] documentation film [[It´s A Boy!]], and his poem  ''("Gedicht zur Abschaffung der Menschenrechte in Deutschland" - "Poem On the Abolition of Human Rights in Germany")'' caused a media shitstorm with [[Anti-Semitism|anti-Semitism]] accusations, a death threat and other threatening phone calls for Dunkel and his family. To take the pressure from his family, Dunkel declined on a possible seat in parliament, but this waiver was formally no longer possible and therefore invalid. Dunkel therefore still was technically a possible substitute for the parliament of Lower Saxony in the 17th legislative term (2013-2017).
  
 
== Party exclusion procedure discontinued ==
 
== Party exclusion procedure discontinued ==
−
Because of his critical statements about the legitimation of [[German Circumcision Act]] § 1631d BGB in many discussions, because of his burst of rage which he posted on Facebook after having watched the [[circumcision]] documentation film [[It´s A Boy!]], and because of his "Poem about the abolishment of human rights for children in Germany", Dunkel was denounced by a person from Frankfurt/Main (Germany) in the media and in his party, which led to a party exclusion procedure. The Greens Executive Committee of Lower Saxony had requested Dunkel's exclusion of the party. In late February, 2014, Dunkel and his Executive Committee made a comparison, which waived the reproach of being anti-semitic and xenophobic. Dunkel confirmed that his statements in the [[Circumcision Debate]] in 2012 had served anti-semitic steretypes. He again dissociated himself strictly from [[anti-semitism]] and xenophobia. The regional party arbitral tribunal warned him because of these expressions. The proceeding was discontinued; revision was not allowed.<ref>https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2014/03/04/pressemitteilung-zum-pav/</ref>
+
The [[Greens]] Executive Committee of Lower Saxony had requested Dunkel's exclusion of the party. In late February, 2014, Dunkel and his Executive Committee made a comparison, which waived the reproach of being anti-semitic and xenophobic. Dunkel confirmed that his statements in the [[Circumcision Debate]] in 2012 had served anti-semitic steretypes unintendedly. He again dissociated himself strictly from [[Anti-Semitism|anti-semitism]] and xenophobia. The regional party arbitral tribunal warned him because of these expressions. The proceeding was discontinued; revision was not allowed.<ref>https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2014/03/04/pressemitteilung-zum-pav/</ref>
−
 
 
−
== Charge rejected ==
 
−
In January 2013, the same person provided criminal complaint against Dunkel at the Prosecutor Oldenburg "on suspicion of sedition and of pretending a crime"<ref>Letter of the denouncer from 2013-01-12 to the Prosecutor OL</ref> according to § 130 + 145 StGB and because of insulting according to § 185 + 186 StGB.
 
−
 
 
−
The procedure was stopped by the Prosecutor OL as being unfounded according to § 170 Abs. 2 StPO. The denouncer appealed a complaint against this, which was also dismissed by the General Prosecutor Oldenburg as unfounded.<ref>https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2013/10/25/ermittlungen-gegen-ulf-dunkel-eingestellt/</ref> The complained offenses were not present. Dunkel had "just critized the untenable influence of the Jewish community or individuals of Jewish life in the legislative process"<ref>Reply of the GP OL to the denouncer, 2013-08-02, page 4</ref>.
 
−
 
 
−
The GP OL practiced clear criticism of the objections of the denouncer: "As far as you try beyond the accused to prove Nazi agitation, your conclusions appear designed, such as the identification of utilizing the concept of German guilt in quotation marks with the denial of the Holocaust. [...] Your complaint is simply based on assumptions."<ref>Reply of the GP OL to the denouncer, 2013-08-02, page 4</ref>
 
  
 
== Collective Cognitive Dissonance ==
 
== Collective Cognitive Dissonance ==
 
In the [[Circumcision Debate]] 2012, Ulf Dunkel created the concept of [[Collective Cognitive Dissonance]] which describes the issue of cognitive dissonance for a group of persons, even existing over generations. The [[Circumpendium]] informs about this psychological phenomenon as follows:
 
In the [[Circumcision Debate]] 2012, Ulf Dunkel created the concept of [[Collective Cognitive Dissonance]] which describes the issue of cognitive dissonance for a group of persons, even existing over generations. The [[Circumpendium]] informs about this psychological phenomenon as follows:
 
<blockquote>
 
<blockquote>
−
It can frequently be found that the loss is denied, much as happens with the loss of other body parts. This denial can lead to fathers having their sons circumcised in order not to be reminded of their own loss. In this process, their own body is defined as "normal" and the [[foreskin]] redefined as a foreign object. Their own parents are seen as "good", so that this image is projected onto the circumcision their parents carried out as well, in order to keep the positive emotion intact. The father wants to be a "good" father later in life as well, and so, following an idealised image of his own parents, circumcision, which has been redefined as a "good thing", is passed on to his son by having him circumcised as well.<ref>van der Kolk BA. The compulsion to repeat the trauma: re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1989;12(2):389-411.</ref><ref>Goldman R. The psychological impact of circumcision. BJU Int 1999;83 Suppl. 1:93-103.</ref>
+
It can frequently be found that the loss is denied, much as happens with the loss of other body parts. This denial can lead to fathers having their sons circumcised in order not to be reminded of their own loss. In this process, their own body is defined as "normal" and the [[foreskin]] redefined as a foreign object. Their own parents are seen as "good", so that this image is projected onto the circumcision their parents carried out as well, in order to keep the positive emotion intact. The father wants to be a "good" father later in life as well, and so, following an idealised image of his own parents, circumcision, which has been redefined as a "good thing", is passed on to his son by having him circumcised as well.<ref>{{VanderKolkBA 1989}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
 +
|last=Goldman
 +
|init=R
 +
|author-link=Ronald Goldman
 +
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/goldman1/
 +
|title=The psychological impact of circumcision
 +
|journal=BJU Int
 +
|date=1999
 +
|volume=83
 +
|issue=Suppl. 1
 +
|pages=93-103
 +
}}</ref>
 
</blockquote>
 
</blockquote>
  
−
== Political Engagement ==
+
== Political engagement ==
−
Ulf Dunkel still engages in his party for the integrity of all children, including as a member of the [[Bundesweiter Arbeitskreis Säkulare Grüne|BAK Säkulare Grüne]], through educational work and sharp criticism of the proponents of the [[German Circumcision Act]] in his political party.
+
Since 1998, Ulf Dunkel is member of the German [[GREENS]] party (with a break of five years), was member of the District Association of Cloppenburg, elected member of local parliaments like the city council, and candidate for the German Bundestag and Landtag of Lower Saxony. From July 2015 to March 2018, he was the organizational manager of the [[GREENS]] District Association of Cloppenburg<ref>{{REFweb
 +
|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20160608073954/http://www.gruene-cloppenburg.de/geschaeftsfuehrung/
 +
|url=https://gruene-cloppenburg.de/geschaeftsfuehrung/
 +
|archived=no
 +
|title=GRÜNE KV Cloppenburg: Geschäftsführung des Kreisverbands
 +
|trans-title=GREENS Cloppenburg: Management of the district association
 +
|language=German
 +
|accessdate=2021-10-30
 +
}}</ref>
 +
 
 +
He still engages in his party for the integrity of all children, including as a member of the [[Bundesweiter Arbeitskreis Säkulare Grüne|BAK Säkulare Grüne]], through educational work and sharp criticism of the proponents of the [[German Circumcision Act]] in his political party.
 +
 
 +
In 2021, Dunkel ran as a GREEN candidate for the local city council and district council.<ref>{{REFweb
 +
|url=https://gruene-cloppenburg.de/wir-kandidieren/ulf-dunkel/
 +
|title=Wir kandidieren: Ulf Dunkel
 +
|trans-title=We are running: Ulf Dunkel
 +
|language=German
 +
|website=GRÜNE Cloppenburg
 +
|date=2021-06
 +
|accessdate=2021-06-07
 +
}}</ref> He did not win a mandate, but has been a member of the district council again as the first successor since July 2022 and parliamentary group leader since December 2022.
 +
 
 +
{{PUB}}
 +
* "[[Komikernation Deutschland]]: Die Beschneidungsdebatte 2012 in Deutschland und die weltweiten Folgen" (''"Comedian Nation Germany: The 2012 circumcision debate in Germany and the global consequences"''), 2023.
 +
* "Beschneidung ist Betrug: Und die bevorstehende rechtliche Abrechnung", German translation of the English book "[[Circumcision Is A Fraud: And The Coming Legal Reckoning]]" by [[Peter W. Adler]], 2022.
 +
* "[[de_intactiwiki:Beschneidung: Das schmerzhafte Dilemma|Beschneidung: Das schmerzhafte Dilemma]]", German translation of the 2nd edition of the standard work by the late [[Rosemary Romberg]], 2021.
 +
* "[[Circumcision: The Painful Dilemma]]", 2nd edition of the standard work by the late [[Rosemary Romberg]], 2021.
 +
* "Beschneidung infragestellen: Eine jüdische Perspektive", German translation of the English book "[[Questioning Circumcision: A Jewish Perspective]]"<ref>https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0964489562/</ref> by [[Ronald Goldman]], 2019.
 +
* "Beschneidung - das verborgene Trauma", German translation of the English book "[[Circumcision: The Hidden Trauma]]"<ref>https://www.amazon.com/Circumcision-Hidden-Trauma-American-Ultimately/dp/0964489538/</ref> by [[Ronald Goldman]], 2019.
 +
* [https://www.amazon.de/Unaussprechliche-Verstümmelungen-Beschnittene-sprechen-darüber/dp/1516854705/ "Unaussprechliche Verstümmelungen"], German translation of the English book "[[Unspeakable Mutilations]]" by [[Lindsay R. Watson]], 2015.
 +
* "Beschneidung: Mythen und Fakten" (''"Circumcision: Myths and Facts"'', unreleased yet)
 +
 
 +
== Other publications about intactivism ==
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2022/11/14/10-years-of-circumcision-debate-in-germany/
 +
|title=10 years of circumcision debate in Germany
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|publisher=[[Intact America]]
 +
|date=2022-07-28
 +
|accessdate=2022-11-15
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2022/05/18/intactivism-is-not-about-jews-but-about-childrens-rights/
 +
|title=Intactivism is not about Jews, but about children’s rights
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|date=2022-05-18
 +
|accessdate=2022-05-18
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2021/07/18/unicef-bitte-keine-doppelmoral-mehr/
 +
|title=UNICEF, bitte keine Doppelmoral mehr
 +
|trans-title=UNICEF, please no more double standards
 +
|language=German
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|date=2021-07-18
 +
|accessdate=2021-07-19
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFnews
 +
|url=http://www.freitag.de/autoren/kanada/fangt-endlich-an-vom-kind-her-zu-denken
 +
|title=Fangt endlich an, vom Kind her zu denken
 +
|trans-title=At last, start thinking from the child's point of view
 +
|language=German
 +
|publisher=Der Freitag
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|date=2016-03-20
 +
|accessdate=2020-05-02
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=http://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2015/12/12/noch-mehr-doppelmoral/
 +
|title=Noch mehr Doppelmoral
 +
|trans-title=Even more double standards
 +
|language=German
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|date=2015-12-12
 +
|accessdate=2020-05-02
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=http://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2015/11/24/gruene-doppelmoral/
 +
|title=Grüne Doppelmoral
 +
|trans-title=Green Double Standards
 +
|language=German
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|date=2015-11-24
 +
|accessdate=2020-05-02
 +
}} - see also: [[Double standard]]
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=http://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2015/08/18/unaussprechliche-verstuemmelungen/
 +
|title=Unaussprechliche Verstümmelungen
 +
|trans-title=[Unspeakable Mutilations]
 +
|language=German
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|date=2015-08-18
 +
|accessdate=2020-05-02
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFnews
 +
|url=http://www.hpd.de/artikel/11677
 +
|title=Pressemeldung zur Veröffentlichung von Celebrating Brit Shalom: Brit Shalom statt Beschneidung
 +
|trans-title=Press release for Celebrating Brit Shalom release: Brit Shalom instead of circumcision
 +
|language=German
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|publisher=[[HPD|Humanistischer Pressedienst]]
 +
|date=2015-05-15
 +
|accessdate=2020-05-02
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=http://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2014/07/25/fgm-folgt-mgm-fgm-follows-mgm/
 +
|title=FGM folgt MGM
 +
|trans-title=FGM follows MGM
 +
|language=German
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|date=2014-07-25
 +
|accessdate=2020-05-02
 +
}}
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|url=http://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2012/10/30/beschneidungsdebatte-alternativer-gesetzesanderung-entwurf-%C2%A7-1631-bgb/
 +
|title=Alternativer Gesetzesänderung-Entwurf § 1631 BGB
 +
|trans-title=Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB
 +
|language=German
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|date=2012-10-30
 +
|accessdate=2020-05-02
 +
}} proposed law enhancement for the 31st Federal Delegate Conference of the German [[Greens]] at the end of 2012 ([[Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB|English text here]])
 +
* {{REFweb
 +
|original-url=http://www.mogis.info/blog/2012/08/27/gastartikel-mein-kommentar-an-den-deutschen-ethikrat-wegen-seiner-empfehlung-an-die-bundesregierung/
 +
|url=https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2022/03/30/gastartikel-mein-kommentar-an-den-deutschen-ethikrat-wegen-seiner-empfehlung-an-die-bundesregierung/
 +
|title=Gastartikel: Mein Kommentar an den Deutschen Ethikrat wg. seiner Empfehlung an die Bundesregierung
 +
|trans-title=Guest article: My comment to the German Ethics Council on their recommendation to the German Federal Government
 +
|language=German
 +
|last=Dunkel
 +
|first=Ulf
 +
|author-link=Ulf Dunkel
 +
|publisher=[[MOGiS e.V.]]
 +
|date=2012-08-27
 +
|accessdate=2020-05-02
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
{{LINKS}}
 +
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ODplGaNtZw Greens Party Convent #34, Nov. 2012: Introducing V48 by Ulf Dunkel and others, speaker: Ulf Dunkel]
 +
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_smfQqaPXc Greens Party Convent #34, Nov. 2012: Reply to V24 by Sergey Lagodinsky, speaker: Ulf Dunkel]
  
−
== References ==
+
{{REF}}
−
<references />
 
  
−
== External links ==
+
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dunkel, Ulf}}
−
* [https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2014/07/25/fgm-folgt-mgm-fgm-follows-mgm/ Blog article: FGM follows MGM (German/English)]
+
 
−
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ODplGaNtZw Greens Party Convent #34, Nov. 2011: Introducing V48 by Ulf Dunkel and others, speaker: Ulf Dunkel]
+
[[Category:Person]]
−
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_smfQqaPXc Greens Party Convent #34, Nov. 2011: Reply to V24 by Sergey Lagodinsky, speaker: Ulf Dunkel]
+
[[Category:Male]]
−
* [https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2012/10/30/beschneidungsdebatte-alternativer-gesetzesanderung-entwurf-%C2%A7-1631-bgb/ Blog article: Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB (German)]
+
 
 +
[[Category:Author]]
 +
[[Category:Intactivist]]
 +
[[Category:Politician]]
 +
[[Category:GREENS]]
  
 
[[Category:Germany]]
 
[[Category:Germany]]
−
[[Category:Politician]]
 
  
 
[[de:Ulf Dunkel]]
 
[[de:Ulf Dunkel]]

Latest revision as of 15:12, 7 December 2023

Ulf Dunkel 2021

Ulf Dunkel (pronounced ˈʊlf ˈdʊnkəl, born 27 August 1962 in Löningen, Germany) is a German salesman, politician, author, composer and intactivist who engages since Summer 2012 to outlaw the medically not indicated circumcision of boys. He is father of five children and Greens politician.

In several Open Letters to all members of the Bundestag and with a 'Poem on the Abolition of Human Rights for Children in Germany', he tried to provide the Bundestag with information and to motivate them to disagree with the legalization of not medically indicated circumcision of boys which German Chancellor Merkel had already required in Summer 2012.

Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB

In October 2012 after a longer discussion with Volker Beck, Dunkel wrote an Alternative law draft amendment to § 1631 BGB. He presented this draft on the 34th Federal Delegates Conference of his Party, the German Greens, in November 2012 in Hannover (Germany). Together with all other requests of others on the topic circumcision, his draft suggestion was moved from the Conference to a so-called "Religion-political Commission". This commission didn't discuss the draft requests to date.

Shitstorm

His critical statements about the legitimation of German Circumcision Act § 1631d BGB in many discussions, his burst of rage[1] which he posted on Facebook after having watched the circumcision documentation film It´s A Boy!, and his poem ("Gedicht zur Abschaffung der Menschenrechte in Deutschland" - "Poem On the Abolition of Human Rights in Germany") caused a media shitstorm with anti-Semitism accusations, a death threat and other threatening phone calls for Dunkel and his family. To take the pressure from his family, Dunkel declined on a possible seat in parliament, but this waiver was formally no longer possible and therefore invalid. Dunkel therefore still was technically a possible substitute for the parliament of Lower Saxony in the 17th legislative term (2013-2017).

Party exclusion procedure discontinued

The Greens Executive Committee of Lower Saxony had requested Dunkel's exclusion of the party. In late February, 2014, Dunkel and his Executive Committee made a comparison, which waived the reproach of being anti-semitic and xenophobic. Dunkel confirmed that his statements in the Circumcision Debate in 2012 had served anti-semitic steretypes unintendedly. He again dissociated himself strictly from anti-semitism and xenophobia. The regional party arbitral tribunal warned him because of these expressions. The proceeding was discontinued; revision was not allowed.[2]

Collective Cognitive Dissonance

In the Circumcision Debate 2012, Ulf Dunkel created the concept of Collective Cognitive Dissonance which describes the issue of cognitive dissonance for a group of persons, even existing over generations. The Circumpendium informs about this psychological phenomenon as follows:

It can frequently be found that the loss is denied, much as happens with the loss of other body parts. This denial can lead to fathers having their sons circumcised in order not to be reminded of their own loss. In this process, their own body is defined as "normal" and the foreskin redefined as a foreign object. Their own parents are seen as "good", so that this image is projected onto the circumcision their parents carried out as well, in order to keep the positive emotion intact. The father wants to be a "good" father later in life as well, and so, following an idealised image of his own parents, circumcision, which has been redefined as a "good thing", is passed on to his son by having him circumcised as well.[3][4]

Political engagement

Since 1998, Ulf Dunkel is member of the German GREENS party (with a break of five years), was member of the District Association of Cloppenburg, elected member of local parliaments like the city council, and candidate for the German Bundestag and Landtag of Lower Saxony. From July 2015 to March 2018, he was the organizational manager of the GREENS District Association of Cloppenburg[5]

He still engages in his party for the integrity of all children, including as a member of the BAK Säkulare Grüne, through educational work and sharp criticism of the proponents of the German Circumcision Act in his political party.

In 2021, Dunkel ran as a GREEN candidate for the local city council and district council.[6] He did not win a mandate, but has been a member of the district council again as the first successor since July 2022 and parliamentary group leader since December 2022.

Publications

Other publications about intactivism

External links

References

  1. ↑ Circulated by a denouncer as a poem in the media, this textual outburst of anger has been claimed time and again since then as an alleged second poem by Ulf Dunkel on the subject of genital mutilation. In the outburst of anger, Dunkel accused all parents around the world who genitally mutilated their children of being a**holes and fanatics.
  2. ↑ https://ulfdunkel.wordpress.com/2014/03/04/pressemitteilung-zum-pav/
  3. ↑ REFjournal van der Kolk BA. The compulsion to repeat the trauma: re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism. Psychiatr Clin North Am. June 1989; 12(2): 389-411. PMID. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
  4. ↑ REFjournal Goldman R. The psychological impact of circumcision. BJU Int. 1999; 83(Suppl. 1): 93-103.
  5. ↑ REFweb GRÜNE KV Cloppenburg: Geschäftsführung des Kreisverbands [GREENS Cloppenburg: Management of the district association] (German). Retrieved 30 October 2021.
  6. ↑ REFweb (June 2021). Wir kandidieren: Ulf Dunkel [We are running: Ulf Dunkel] (German), GRÜNE Cloppenburg. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
  7. ↑ https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0964489562/
  8. ↑ https://www.amazon.com/Circumcision-Hidden-Trauma-American-Ultimately/dp/0964489538/
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