Circumcision risks: Difference between revisions
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This article wants to offer a comprehensive overview of risks which can occur by undergoing a [[circumcision]]. This page is a landing page for those who want to find a quick overview about circumcision risks. Chances are that information given here is shown in more detail in other IntactiWiki articles. | This article wants to offer a comprehensive overview of risks which can occur by undergoing a [[circumcision]]. This page is a landing page for those who want to find a quick overview about [[circumcision]] risks. Chances are that information given here is shown in more detail in other IntactiWiki articles. | ||
Please bear in mind that infants are not born with a diseased [[penis]] that requires surgery. There are no medical indications for infant circumcision and few in later life. Infant circumcision is a medically-unnecssary, non-therapeutic amputation of functional tissue that does not treat or prevent disease. It has risks and complications but no upside benefit. | |||
== General risks == | == General risks == | ||
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* [[Financial incentive| Loss of money for a medically not indicated surgery]] | * [[Financial incentive| Loss of money for a medically not indicated surgery]] | ||
* [[Foreskin restoration|Restoration of the foreskin]] not 100% possible and very time-consuming (adults) | * [[Foreskin restoration|Restoration of the foreskin]] not 100% possible and very time-consuming (adults) | ||
* Risk of [[penile frostbite]]<ref>{{REFweb | |||
|url=https://pagesix.com/2023/01/05/prince-harry-reveals-whether-hes-circumcised-in-bombshell-spare-memoir/ | |||
|title=Prince Harry reveals whether he’s circumcised in bombshell ‘Spare’ memoir | |||
|last=Gostin | |||
|first=Nick | |||
|date=2023-01-05 | |||
|accessdate=2023-01-26 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
== Operative risks == | == Operative risks == | ||
* [[Death]] | * [[Death]] | ||
* [[Amputation]] of the [[penis]] | * [[Amputation]] of the [[penis]] | ||
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* [http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/wilson1/ Amputation of excess skin or denudation] | * [http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/wilson1/ Amputation of excess skin or denudation] | ||
* [http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/bradley/ Burn of the penis after usage of electrocautery] | * [http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/bradley/ Burn of the penis after usage of electrocautery] | ||
* [[Heart attack]] | |||
* [[Shock]] or coma due to the extreme [[pain]] (newborn circumcision) | * [[Shock]] or coma due to the extreme [[pain]] (newborn circumcision) | ||
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* Chlamydiaceae infections | * Chlamydiaceae infections | ||
* Chordee | * Chordee | ||
* Deformation of the penis | * Deformation of the [[penis]] | ||
* Early ablactation (weaning) (newborn circumcision) | * Early ablactation (weaning) (newborn circumcision) | ||
* Epispadias | * Epispadias | ||
* Excessive foreskin removed (leads to deformation) | * Excessive [[foreskin]] removed (leads to deformation) | ||
* [Fistulas] | * [Fistulas] | ||
* Genital warts | * Genital warts | ||
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* Oedema of the glans | * Oedema of the glans | ||
* [http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/blalock1/ Phimosis] | * [http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/blalock1/ Phimosis] | ||
* Pain in erected state of the penis | * [[Erection| Pain in erected state of the penis]] | ||
* Risk of required re-surgery | * Risk of required re-surgery | ||
* [http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/stinson/ Sexual dysfunction] | * [http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/stinson/ Sexual dysfunction] | ||
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== Psychological risks == | == Psychological risks == | ||
=== Immediate risks === | === Immediate risks === | ||
* [[PTSD]] due to newborn trauma | * [[PTSD]] due to newborn [[trauma]] | ||
* [http://www.cirp.org/library/pain/fitzgerald2/ Brain damage due to the extreme pain] (newborn circumcision without effective anesthesia) | * [http://www.cirp.org/library/pain/fitzgerald2/ Brain damage due to the extreme pain] (newborn circumcision without effective anesthesia) | ||
* Loss of bonding and trust to parents | * Loss of bonding and trust to parents | ||
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* 8 will suffer infection at the surgical site. | * 8 will suffer infection at the surgical site. | ||
* 3 will develop post-operative [[phimosis]]. | * 3 will develop post-operative [[phimosis]]. | ||
* 2 will have more serious complications (seizure, heart attack, stroke, loss of penis, [[death]]). | * 2 will have more serious complications (seizure, [[heart attack]], stroke, loss of [[penis]], [[death]]). | ||
* 1 will require additional immediate surgery and sutures to stop hemorrhage. | * 1 will require additional immediate surgery and sutures to stop hemorrhage. | ||
* 1 will develop fibrosis. | * 1 will develop fibrosis. | ||
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Out of 100 intact boys:<ref name="DrMomma2010"/> | Out of 100 intact boys:<ref name="DrMomma2010"/> | ||
* 2 will be treated with antibiotics for a [[UTI]] (fewer if the foreskin is never forcibly retracted). | * 2 will be treated with antibiotics for a [[UTI]] (fewer if the [[foreskin]] is never forcibly retracted). | ||
* 1 will be told to get circumcised later in life for one reason or another (fewer if the foreskin is never forcibly retracted). | * 1 will be told to get [[circumcised]] later in life for one reason or another (fewer if the foreskin is never forcibly retracted). | ||
== AAP confirms complications == | == AAP confirms complications == | ||
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[[Category:Parental information]] | [[Category:Parental information]] | ||
[[Category:Circumcision risk]] | [[Category:Circumcision risk]] | ||
[[Category:Complication]] | |||
[[de:Beschneidungsrisiken]] | [[de:Beschneidungsrisiken]] | ||