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The '''Ninth International Symposium''' on Circumcision, Genital Integrity, and Human Rights convened in [https://www.washington.edu/classroom/JHN+102 Johnson Hall] at the [http://www.washington.edu/ University of Washington], Seattle, Washington, USA on August 24-26, 2006.
The '''Ninth International Symposium''' on Circumcision, Genital Integrity, and Human Rights convened in [https://www.washington.edu/classroom/JHN+102 Johnson Hall] at the {{UNI|University of Washington|UW}}, Seattle, {{USSC|WA}}, USA on August 24-26, 2006.


==Faculty==
==Faculty==
* '''Mostafa K. Al-Madawi''' is a retired judge. Benghazi, Libya.
* '''Mostafa K. Al-Madawi''' is a retired judge. Benghazi, Libya.
* '''Zachary Androus''', BA, MA, and PhD Candidate in Race, Gender, and Social Justice, American University, teaches anthropology at the Lorenzo de Medici University, Florence, Italy.
* '''Zachary Androus''', {{BA}}, {{MA}}, and {{PhD}} Candidate in Race, Gender, and Social Justice, {{UNI|American University|AU}}, teaches anthropology at the {{UNI|Istituto Lorenzo de' Medici|LdM}}, Florence, Italy.
* '''Suzanne Arms''' is an author, photojournalist, filmmaker, and founder and director of Birth the Future. Bayfield, CO.
* '''Suzanne Arms''' is an author, photojournalist, filmmaker, and founder and director of Birth the Future. Bayfield, {{USSC|CO}}.
* '''Peter Ball''', MA, MB, B.Chir., retired family practitioner, is Vice Chairman, NORM-UK, and producer and director, non-surgical foreskin restoration video. Turnbridge Wells, Kent, UK.
* '''[[Peter Ball]]''', {{MA}}, MB, B.Chir., retired family practitioner, is Vice Chairman, NORM-UK, and producer and director, non-surgical foreskin restoration video. Turnbridge Wells, Kent, UK.
* '''David Chamberlain''', PhD, is a psychologist, pioneer in prenatal and birth psychology, and author. Nevada City, CA, USA.
* '''David Chamberlain''', {{PhD}}, is a psychologist, pioneer in prenatal and birth psychology, and author. Nevada City, {{USSC|CA}}, USA.
* '''Georganne Chapin''', MS, JD, is President and CEO of Hudson Health Plan and adjunct faculty member, Pace University School of Law. Terrytown, NY, USA.
* '''[[Georganne Chapin]]''', MS, {{JD}}, is President and CEO of Hudson Health Plan and adjunct faculty member, {{UNI|Pace University|PACE}} School of Law. Terrytown, {{USSC|NY}}, USA.
* '''John Dalton''', a biochemist with an MSc in Radiation Biophysics, is the archivist and researcher for NORM-UK. Stone, Staffordshire, UK.
* '''[[John Dalton]]''', a biochemist with an {{MS}} in Radiation Biophysics, is the archivist and researcher for NORM-UK. Stone, Staffordshire, UK.
* '''Oloaye Olusoji Emmanuel''', founder, Media for Ethnic Equality (MEE), inspiring youths and campaigning for peace in the world through the media. Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria.
* '''Oloaye Olusoji Emmanuel''', founder, Media for Ethnic Equality (MEE), inspiring youths and campaigning for peace in the world through the media. Ikeja Lagos, Nigeria.
* '''Marie Fox''', LL.B, PhD, is Professor of Law, School of Law, Keele University and an author. Staffordshire, UK.
* '''Marie Fox''', LL.B, {{PhD}}, is Professor of Law, School of Law, {{UNI|Keele University|KU}} and an author. Staffordshire, UK.
* '''Noel Gazzano''', medical anthropologist, received her PhD from the University of Firenze. Florence, Italy.
* '''Noel Gazzano''', medical anthropologist, received her {{PhD}} from the {{UNI|University of Firenze|UniFI}}. Florence, Italy.
* '''[[John V. Geisheker| John Geisheker]]''', JD, LLM, is General Counsel and Executive Director, Doctors Opposing Circumcision. Seattle, WA USA.
* '''[[John V. Geisheker| John Geisheker]]''', {{JD}}, LLM, is General Counsel and Executive Director, [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]]. Seattle, {{USSC|WA}}, USA.
* '''[[Leonard B. Glick]]''', MD, PhD, Professor of Anthropology, Hampshire College, Amherst, MA (retired), is the author of ''Marked in Your Flesh: Circumcision from Ancient Judea to Modern America''. New Salem, MA, USA.
* '''[[Leonard B. Glick]]''', {{MD}}, {{PhD}}, Professor of Anthropology, Hampshire College, Amherst, {{MA}} (retired), is the author of ''Marked in Your Flesh: Circumcision from Ancient Judea to Modern America''. New Salem, {{USSC|MA}}, USA.
* '''Jess Grant''' is a singer and writer of songs to provoke and amuse, fusing lyrical intensity with diverse pop styles and working-class ethics. Seattle, WA, USA.
* '''Jess Grant''' is a singer and writer of songs to provoke and amuse, fusing lyrical intensity with diverse pop styles and working-class ethics. Seattle, {{USSC|WA}}, USA.
* '''Pia Grassivaro Gallo''', PhD, Associate Professor of Anthropology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Padua, organized Padua’s Working Group on FGM. Padua, Italy.
* '''[[Pia Grassivaro Gallo]]''', {{PhD}}, Associate Professor of Anthropology, Faculty of Psychology, {{UNI|University of Padua|UNIPD}}, organized Padua’s Working Group on FGM. Padua, Italy.
* '''Matthew Hess''', founder and President of San Diego-based MGMbill.org, is seeking to pass US laws that would protect boys from non-therapeutic circumcision. San Diego, CA, USA.
* '''Matthew Hess''', founder and President of San Diego-based MGMbill.org, is seeking to pass US laws that would protect boys from non-therapeutic circumcision. San Diego, {{USSC|CA}}, USA.
* '''[[George Hill]]''' is the Vice-President for Bioethics and Medical Science, Doctors Opposing Circumcision. Seattle, WA, USA.
* '''[[George Hill]]''' is the Vice-President for Bioethics and Medical Science, [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]]. Seattle, {{USSC|WA}}, USA.
* '''[[Frederick M. Hodges| Frederick Mansfield Hodges]]''', DPhil (Oxon), medical historian, author, and co-author of What Your Doctor May Not Tell You About Circumcision. Berkeley, California, USA.
* '''[[Frederick M. Hodges| Frederick Mansfield Hodges]]''', {{PhD}} (Oxon), medical historian, author, and co-author of What Your Doctor May Not Tell You About Circumcision. Berkeley, {{USSC|CA}}, USA.
* '''Yngve Hofvander''', MD, is a pediatrician and Professor, International Child Health, Uppsala University. Uppsala, Sweden.
* '''[[Yngve Hofvander]]''', {{MD}}, is a pediatrician and Professor, International Child Health, {{UNI|Uppsala University|UU}}. Uppsala, Sweden.
* '''Primus Lake''', is a Professor, Nusa Cendana University. Kupang, West Timor, Indonesia.
* '''Primus Lake''', is a Professor, {{UNI|Nusa Cendana University|Undana}}. Kupang, West Timor, Indonesia.
* '''Romeo B. Lee''', is Associate Professor, Behavioural Sciences, De La Salle University-Manila. Manila, Philippines.
* '''Romeo B. Lee''', is Associate Professor, Behavioural Sciences, {{UNI|De La Salle University|DLSU}}. Manila, Philippines.
* '''Gloria Lemay''' is a writer, midwifery educator, and childbirth activist. Vancouver, BC, Canada.
* '''Gloria Lemay''' is a writer, midwifery educator, and childbirth activist. Vancouver, BC, Canada.
* '''[[David J. Llewellyn]]''', BA, JD, a practicing attorney, representing plaintiffs in wrongful circumcision and other genital injury cases. Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
* '''[[David J. Llewellyn]]''', {{BA}}, {{JD}}, a practicing attorney, representing plaintiffs in wrongful circumcision and other genital injury cases. Atlanta, {{USSC|GA}}, USA.
* '''Linda Massie''', BSc, PG/Dip, is founder and Director, NOCIRC of Northern Ireland. Glengormley, County Antrim, Northern Ireland.
* '''Linda Massie''', BSc, PG/Dip, is founder and Director, NOCIRC of Northern Ireland. Glengormley, County Antrim, Northern Ireland.
* '''[[Ken McGrath]]''', VRD, MSc(Hons), LIBiol, is Senior Lecturer in Pathology, Faculty of Health, Auckland University of Technology. Auckland, NZ.
* '''[[Ken McGrath]]''', VRD, {{MS}} (Hons), LIBiol, is Senior Lecturer in Pathology, Faculty of Health, {{UNI|Auckland University of Technology|AUT}}. Auckland, NZ.
* '''Jody McLaughlin''' is editor of the ''Compleat Mother'' magazine and Director, NOCIRC of ND. Minot, ND, USA.
* '''Jody McLaughlin''' is editor of the ''Compleat Mother'' magazine and Director, NOCIRC of ND. Minot, {{USSC|ND}}, USA.
* '''[[Marilyn Milos]]''', RN, is Director, National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers (NOCIRC) and Coordinator, International Symposia on Genital Integrity. San Anselmo, CA, USA.
* '''[[Marilyn Milos]]''', {{RN}}, is Director, National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers (NOCIRC) and Coordinator, International Symposia on Genital Integrity. San Anselmo, {{USSC|CA}}, USA.
* '''Stephanie Mines''', PhD, is a psychologist and the author of ''We Are All in Shock: How Overwhelming Experience Shatters You and What You Can do About It'' (New Page Books, 2003). Boulder, CO, USA.
* '''Stephanie Mines''', {{PhD}}, is a psychologist and the author of ''We Are All in [[Shock]]: How Overwhelming Experience Shatters You and What You Can do About It'' (New Page Books, 2003). Boulder, {{USSC|CO}}, USA.
* '''Debora Moro''' is a graduate in Psychology, Working Group on FGM, University of Padua. Padua, Italy.
* '''Debora Moro''' is a graduate in Psychology, Working Group on FGM, {{UNI|University of Padua|UNIPD}}. Padua, Italy.
* '''Miriam Pollack''', an educator, has been advocating for genital integrity for Jewish as well as non-Jewish baby boys for the past 15 years. Boulder, CO, USA.
* '''Miriam Pollack''', an educator, has been advocating for genital integrity for Jewish as well as non-Jewish baby boys for the past 15 years. Boulder, {{USSC|CO}}, USA.
* '''Patricia Robinett''' is a Clinical Hypnotherapist and the author of ''The Big Ugly'' and ''The Rape of Innocence''. Eugene, OR, USA.
* '''[[Patricia Robinett]]''' is a Clinical Hypnotherapist and the author of ''The Big Ugly'' and ''The Rape of Innocence''. Eugene, {{USSC|OR}}, USA.
* '''Steve Scott''', Educational Outreach Coordinator of the National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers, is the Director, NOCIRC of Utah. Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
* '''[[Steve Scott]]''', Educational Outreach Coordinator of the National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers, is the Director, NOCIRC of Utah. Salt Lake City, {{USSC|UT}}, USA.
* '''David Smith''' is the general manager of NORM-UK and editor of NORM NEWS. Stone, Staffordshire, UK.
* '''[[David Smith]]''' is the general manager of NORM-UK and editor of NORM NEWS. Stone, Staffordshire, UK.
* '''James L. Snyder''', MD, FACS, is a Diplomate, American Board of Urology, Fellow, American College of Surgeons and Past President, Virginia Urological Society. Clifton Forge, VA, USA.
* '''[[James L. Snyder]]''', {{MD}}, {{FACS}}, is a Diplomate, American Board of Urology, Fellow, American College of Surgeons and Past President, Virginia Urological Society. Clifton Forge, {{USSC|VA}}, USA.
* '''Morris Sorrells''', MD, is a retired pediatrician, consultant, and researcher. Gig Harbor, WA, USA.
* '''[[Morris L. Sorrells]]''', {{MD}}, is a retired pediatrician, consultant, and researcher. Gig Harbor, {{USSC|WA}}, USA.
* '''[[J. Steven Svoboda]]''', JD, founder and Director, Attorneys for the Rights of the Child (ARC), Berkeley, California, USA.  
* '''[[J. Steven Svoboda]]''', {{JD}}, founder and Director, Attorneys for the Rights of the Child (ARC), Berkeley, {{USSC|CA}}, USA.  
* '''Michael Thomson''', LL.B, PhD, is Professor of Law and Head of School, School of Law, Keele University and an author. Staffordshire, UK.
* '''Michael Thomson''', LL.B, {{PhD}}, is Professor of Law and Head of School, School of Law, {{UNI|Keele University|KU}} and an author. Staffordshire, UK.
* '''Franco Viviani''', PhD, is Professor of Functional Anthropology, University of Udine, Professor of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Padua, Italy.
* '''[[Franco Viviani]]''', {{PhD}}, is Professor of Functional Anthropology, {{UNI|University of Udine|UniUD}}, Professor of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, {{UNI|University of Padua|UNIPD}}, Italy.
* '''Rebecca Wald''', BA, JD, has worked as an attorney, a newspaper reporter, covering legal issues, and a newspaper and book editor. Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
* '''[[Rebecca Wald]]''', {{BA}}, {{JD}}, has worked as an attorney, a newspaper reporter, covering legal issues, and a newspaper and book editor. Fort Lauderdale, {{USSC|FL}}, USA.
* '''[[John Warren]]''', MA, MB, Bchirc, DCH, FRCP, is a retired physician and founder of NORM-UK. Harlow, Essex, UK.
* '''[[John Warren]]''', {{MA}}, MB, Bchirc, DCH, FRCP, is a retired physician and founder of NORM-UK. Harlow, Essex, UK.
* '''[[Hugh Young]]''', a journalist and radio producer, created and maintains a human rights website, www.circumstitions.com, treating intactness rather than circumcision as normal. Pukerua Bay, New Zealand.
* '''[[Hugh Young]]''', a journalist and radio producer, created and maintains a [[human rights]] website, www.circumstitions.com, treating [[intactness]] rather than [[circumcision]] as normal. Pukerua Bay, New Zealand.


==Proceedings==
==Proceedings==
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* '''Welcome and Opening Remarks'''
* '''Welcome and Opening Remarks'''
: ''Marilyn Milos, John Geisheker, and Peter Ball''
: ''Marilyn Milos, John Geisheker, and Peter Ball''
* '''The Delusional Psychologies of Circumcision and Civilization'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_1 The Delusional Psychologies of Circumcision and Civilization]'''
: ''David Chamberlain''
: ''David Chamberlain''
* '''Determining the Best Interest of the Child: A comparative approach to professional medical guidance for relating male circumcision'''
* '''Determining the Best Interest of the Child: A comparative approach to professional medical guidance for relating male circumcision'''
: ''Marie Fox and Michael Thomson''
: ''Marie Fox and Michael Thomson''
* '''Cultural Relativism at Home and Abroad'''
* '''[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=MNRJ0YuLNBUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA32&ots=psSw93pB9S&sig=jLG9TuZBseInT9Wd-61vqCHjOOE#v=onepage&q&f=false Cultural Relativism at Home and Abroad]'''
: ''Zachary Androus''
: ''Zachary Androus''
* '''Circumcision in Perspective'''
* '''Circumcision in Perspective'''
Line 60: Line 60:
* '''Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation on Global Health and Sexuality'''
* '''Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation on Global Health and Sexuality'''
: ''Olaoye Olusoji Emmanuel''
: ''Olaoye Olusoji Emmanuel''
* '''Medical Interventions on Women’s Genitals: Historical Texts and Contemporary Discourse'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_4 Medical Interventions on Women’s Genitals: Historical Texts and Contemporary Discourse]'''
: ''Noel Gazzano''
: ''Noel Gazzano''
* '''Female Genital Modifications in Malawi: A Field Research'''
* '''''
: ''Debora Moro''
: ''Debora Moro''
* '''The Ritual Use of Herbs for Female Genital Modifications in Africa'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_6 The Ritual Use of Herbs for Female Genital Modifications in Africa]'''
: ''Franco Viviani''
: ''[[Franco Viviani]]''
* '''Ten Years of Merka’s Alternative Rite in Somalia (1996-2005): From “Sunna Gudnin” to “Gudnin Usub”'''
* '''Ten Years of Merka’s Alternative Rite in Somalia (1996-2005): From “Sunna Gudnin” to “Gudnin Usub”'''
: ''Franco Viviani''
: ''[[Franco Viviani]]''
* '''Muslims and Circumcision'''
* '''Muslims and Circumcision'''
: ''Mostafa K. Al-Madawi''
: ''Mostafa K. Al-Madawi''
Line 79: Line 79:
: ''Ken McGrath''
: ''Ken McGrath''
* '''The Perils of Circumcision'''
* '''The Perils of Circumcision'''
: ''James Snyder''
: ''[[James L. Snyder]]''
* '''Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: A Risk of Circumcised Boys'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_11 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: A Risk of Circumcised Boys]'''
: ''[[George Hill]]''
: ''[[George Hill]]''
* '''Conservative Management of Foreskin Problems'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_10 Conservative Management of Foreskin Problems]'''
: ''John Dalton''
: ''John Dalton''
* '''Fine Touch Pressure Thresholds in the Adult Penis'''
* '''[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1464-410x.2006.06685.x Fine Touch Pressure Thresholds in the Adult Penis]'''
: ''Morris Sorrells''
: ''[[Morris L. Sorrells]]''
* '''Fitting In and Getting Off: Elective Adult Male Circumcision in the USA'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_12 Fitting In and Getting Off: Elective Adult Male Circumcision in the USA]'''
: ''Zachary Androus''
: ''Zachary Androus''
* '''Image: Are We Right or Wrong?'''
* '''Image: Are We Right or Wrong?'''
: ''David Smith''
: ''David Smith''
* '''“Real Men”: Foreskin Cutting and Male Identity in the Philippines'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_14 "Real Men”: Foreskin Cutting and Male Identity in the Philippines]'''
: ''Leonard Glick''
: ''Leonard Glick''
* '''Filipino Male Experience of Ritual Circumcision: Perspectus and Insights for Philippine-Based Anti-Circumcision Advocacy'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_15 Filipino Male Experience of Ritual Circumcision: Perspectus and Insights for Philippine-Based Anti-Circumcision Advocacy]'''
: ''Romeo B. Lee''
: ''Romeo B. Lee''
* '''Traditional Male Circumcision in West Timor, Indonesia: Practices, Myths, and their Impact on the Spread of HIV/AIDS and Gender Relations'''
* '''Traditional Male Circumcision in West Timor, Indonesia: Practices, Myths, and their Impact on the Spread of [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]] and Gender Relations'''
: ''Primus Lake''
: ''Primus Lake''
* '''Report from NOCIRC of Ireland'''
* '''Report from NOCIRC of Ireland'''
: ''Linda Massie''
: ''Linda Massie''
* '''News from NORM-UK'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_13 News from NORM-UK]'''
: ''John Warren''
: ''[[John Warren]]''
* '''Male Circumcision in Europe: Is There Anything We Can Do?'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_22 Male Circumcision in Europe: Is There Anything We Can Do?]'''
: ''Yngve Hofvander''
: ''Yngve Hofvander''
* '''Foreskins for Keeps: A Midwife’s Project to End Circumcision'''
* '''Foreskins for Keeps: A Midwife’s Project to End Circumcision'''
: ''Gloria Lemay''
: ''Gloria Lemay''
* '''Circumcision in the Mass Media'''
* '''Circumcision in the Mass Media'''
: ''Hugh Young''
: ''[[Hugh Young]]''


==== Saturday, 26 August ====
==== Saturday, 26 August ====
* '''Coding, Reporting, and Analyzing Circumcision Data'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_18 Coding, Reporting, and Analyzing Circumcision Data]'''
: ''Georganne Chapin''
: ''[[Georganne Chapin]]''
* '''A Treatise From the Trenches: Why Are Circumcision Lawsuits So Hard to Win?'''
* '''[http://www.academia.edu/download/34923142/A_Treatise_from_the_Trenches_Why_Are_Circumcision_Lawsuits_So_Hard_to_Win_2009.pdf A Treatise From the Trenches: Why Are Circumcision Lawsuits So Hard to Win?]'''
: ''[[J. Steven Svoboda]]''
: ''[[J. Steven Svoboda]]''
* '''Winning and Losing on the Circuit'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_20 Winning and Losing on the Circuit]'''
: ''[[David J. Llewellyn]]''
: ''[[David J. Llewellyn]]''
* '''Switching Gears in Washington State: From Individual Lawsuits to Writ of Mandamus'''
* '''Switching Gears in Washington State: From Individual Lawsuits to Writ of Mandamus'''
: ''John Geisheker''
: ''[[John Geisheker]]''
* '''The MGM Bill Proposals: A Legislative Strategy for Protecting US boys from Circumcision'''
* '''[https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-9167-4_21 The MGM Bill Proposals: A Legislative Strategy for Protecting US boys from Circumcision]'''
: ''Matthew Hess''
: ''Matthew Hess''
* '''Ending Non-religious Circumcision: Supply vs Demand'''
* '''Ending Non-religious Circumcision: Supply vs Demand'''
: ''A Moderated Discussion''
: ''A Moderated Discussion''
* '''Defining What is Sacred'''
* '''[http://www.academia.edu/download/62318435/by_James_DeMeo_auth.__George_C._Denniston__Mari_2250387_z-lib.org_2020-02-14_18_57_0420200309-42293-6mjkl5.pdf#page=167 Defining What is Sacred]'''
: ''Miriam Pollack''
: ''[[Miriam Pollack]]''
* '''Beyond the Bris: One Jewish Mother’s Experience'''
* '''[http://www.beyondthebris.com/ Beyond the Bris: One Jewish Mother’s Experience]'''
: ''Rebecca Wald''
: ''[[Rebecca Wald]]''
* '''Resolving Circumcision Trauma: Neurological Repatterning and Healing Action'''
* '''Resolving Circumcision Trauma: Neurological Repatterning and Healing Action'''
: ''Stephanie Mines''
: ''[https://www.kosmosjournal.org/contributor/stephanie-mines/ Stephanie Mines]''
* '''Ending Circumcision for Children: A Total Paradigm Shift'''
* '''Ending Circumcision for Children: A Total Paradigm Shift'''
: ''Suzanne Arms''
: ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzanne_Arms Suzanne Arms]''
* '''Tribute to Jeannine Parvati Baker'''
* '''[https://ttfuture.org/files/2/members/int_jp_baker.pdf Tribute to] [[Jeannine Parvati Baker]]'''
: ''[[Marilyn Milos]] and Suzanne Arms''
: ''[[Marilyn Milos]] and Suzanne Arms''
* '''No Host Banquet Dinner and Premier Performance'''
* '''No Host Banquet Dinner and Premier Performance'''
: ''Composer Ron Romanovsky and Betty Katz Sperlich, co-founder, Nurses for the Rights of the Child, present IT’S A BOY! (a circus opera). The performance includes five vocalists and two accompanists.''
: ''Composer Ron Romanovsky and [[Betty Katz Sperlich]], co-founder, [[Nurses for the Rights of the Child]], present IT’S A BOY! (a circus opera). The performance includes five vocalists and two accompanists.''
<br>
<br>
The proceedings are published in ''[https://www.amazon.com/dp/1402091664/ref=rdr_ext_tmb Circumcision and Human Rights]'', edited by [[George C. Denniston]], [[Frederick M. Hodges| Frederick Mansfield Hodges]], and [[Marilyn Milos| Marilyn Fayre Milos]], Springer, 2009.
The proceedings are published in ''[https://www.amazon.com/dp/1402091664/ref=rdr_ext_tmb Circumcision and Human Rights]'', edited by [[George C. Denniston]], [[Frederick M. Hodges| Frederick Mansfield Hodges]], and [[Marilyn Milos| Marilyn Fayre Milos]], Springer, 2009.


== Sponsors ==
== Sponsors ==
The Symposium was sponsored by the [http://www.nocirc.org National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers] and [https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/ Doctors Opposing Circumcision].
The Symposium was sponsored by the [http://www.nocirc.org National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers] and [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]].


{{SEEALSO}}
{{SEEALSO}}
{{Template:List of International Symposiums}}
{{List of International Symposiums}}
 
{{LINKS}}
* [http://gaamerica.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/symposium-9.pdf Official Brochure of the Ninth International Symposium]
 
{{ABBR}}<!--{{REF}}-->


[[Category:Symposium]]
[[Category:Symposium]]
[[Category:Intactivism]]
[[Category:Intactivism]]
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