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m adjusted REFjournal; switched some to REFweb
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  |last=Wisdom
  |last=Wisdom
  |first=Travis
  |first=Travis
|init=T
  |author-link=
  |author-link=
  |etal=no
|etal=no
  |title=Constructing phallic beauty: Foreskin restoration, genital cutting and circumcisionism
  |title=Constructing phallic beauty: Foreskin restoration, genital cutting and circumcisionism
|trans-title=
|language=
  |journal=Brill
  |journal=Brill
  |location=
  |location=
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  |last=Collier
  |last=Collier
  |first=Roger
  |first=Roger
|init=R
  |author-link=
  |author-link=
  |title=Whole again: the practice of foreskin restoration
  |title=Whole again: the practice of foreskin restoration
|trans-title=
|language=
  |journal=CMAJ
  |journal=CMAJ
  |date=2011
  |date=2011
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  |last=Rubin
  |last=Rubin
  |first=Jody P.
  |first=Jody P.
|init=JP
  |title=Celsus's Decircumcision Operation
  |title=Celsus's Decircumcision Operation
  |journal=Urology
  |journal=Urology
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  |last=Hodges
  |last=Hodges
  |first=Frederick M.
  |first=Frederick M.
|init=FM
  |author-link=Frederick M. Hodges
  |author-link=Frederick M. Hodges
  |title=The Ideal Prepuce in Ancient Greece and Rome: Male Genital Aesthetics and Their Relation to Lipodermos, Circumcision, Foreskin Restoration, and the Kynodesme
  |title=The Ideal Prepuce in Ancient Greece and Rome: Male Genital Aesthetics and Their Relation to Lipodermos, Circumcision, Foreskin Restoration, and the Kynodesme
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  |last=Tushmet
  |last=Tushmet
  |first=Leonard
  |first=Leonard
|init=L
  |title=Uncircumcision
  |title=Uncircumcision
  |journal=Medical Times
  |journal=Medical Times
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  |last=Bigelow
  |last=Bigelow
  |first=Jim
  |first=Jim
|init=J
  |author-link=Jim Bigelow
  |author-link=Jim Bigelow
  |title=Uncircumcising: undoing the effects of an ancient practice in a modern world
  |title=Uncircumcising: undoing the effects of an ancient practice in a modern world
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  |last=Cordes
  |last=Cordes
  |first=Stephanie
  |first=Stephanie
|init=S
  |last2=Calhoun
  |last2=Calhoun
  |first2=Karen H.
  |first2=Karen H.
|init2=KH
  |last3=Quinn
  |last3=Quinn
  |first3=Francis B.
  |first3=Francis B.
|init3=FB
  |title=Tissue Expanders
  |title=Tissue Expanders
  |journal=University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Otolaryngology Grand Rounds
  |journal=University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Otolaryngology Grand Rounds
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  |last=Greer
  |last=Greer
  |first=Donald M.
  |first=Donald M.
|init=DM
  |last2=Mohl
  |last2=Mohl
  |first2=Paul C.
  |first2=Paul C.
|init2=PC
  |last3=Sheley
  |last3=Sheley
  |first3=Kathy A.
  |first3=Kathy A.
|init3=KA
  |title=A technique for foreskin reconstruction and some preliminary results
  |title=A technique for foreskin reconstruction and some preliminary results
  |journal=The Journal of Sex Research
  |journal=The Journal of Sex Research
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  |last=Euringer
  |last=Euringer
  |first=Amanda
  |first=Amanda
|init=A
  |title=BC Health Pays to Restore Man's Foreskin
  |title=BC Health Pays to Restore Man's Foreskin
  |journal=The Tyee
  |journal=The Tyee
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  |last=Laliberté
  |last=Laliberté
  |first=Jennifer
  |first=Jennifer
|init=J
  |title=BC man's foreskin op a success
  |title=BC man's foreskin op a success
  |journal=National Review of Medicine
  |journal=National Review of Medicine
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  |last=Goodwin
  |last=Goodwin
  |first=Willard E.
  |first=Willard E.
|init=WE
  |title=Uncircumcision: A Technique For Plastic Reconstruction of a Prepuce After Circumcision
  |title=Uncircumcision: A Technique For Plastic Reconstruction of a Prepuce After Circumcision
  |journal=J Urol
  |journal=J Urol
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The process of foreskin restoration seeks to regenerate some of the tissue removed by circumcision by expansion of residual tissue, as well as providing coverage of the glans.  According to research, the [[foreskin]] comprises over one-half of the skin and mucosa of the human penis.<ref>{{REFjournal
The process of foreskin restoration seeks to regenerate some of the tissue removed by circumcision by expansion of residual tissue, as well as providing coverage of the glans.  According to research, the [[foreskin]] comprises over one-half of the skin and mucosa of the human penis.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Taylor
  |last=Taylor
  |first=J.R.
  |init=JR
  |author-link=John R. Taylor
  |author-link=John R. Taylor
|first2=A.P.
  |last2=Lockwood
  |last2=Lockwood
  |first3=A.J.
  |init2=AP
  |last3=Taylor
  |last3=Taylor
|init3=AJ
  |title=The prepuce: Specialized mucosa of the penis and its loss to circumcision
  |title=The prepuce: Specialized mucosa of the penis and its loss to circumcision
  |journal=Brit J Urol
  |journal=Brit J Urol
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In some men, foreskin restoration may alleviate certain problems they attribute to their circumcisions.  Such problems, as reported to an anti-circumcision group by men circumcised in infancy or childhood, include prominent [[Circumcision scar|scarring]] (33%), insufficient penile skin for comfortable erection (27%), erectile curvature from uneven skin loss (16%), and pain and bleeding upon erection/manipulation (17%). The poll also asked about awareness of or involvement in foreskin restoration, and included an open comment section. Many respondents and their wives "reported that restoration resolved the unnatural dryness of the circumcised penis, which caused abrasion, pain or bleeding during intercourse, and that restoration offered unique pleasures, which enhanced sexual intimacy."<ref name="Hammond">{{REFjournal
In some men, foreskin restoration may alleviate certain problems they attribute to their circumcisions.  Such problems, as reported to an anti-circumcision group by men circumcised in infancy or childhood, include prominent [[Circumcision scar|scarring]] (33%), insufficient penile skin for comfortable erection (27%), erectile curvature from uneven skin loss (16%), and pain and bleeding upon erection/manipulation (17%). The poll also asked about awareness of or involvement in foreskin restoration, and included an open comment section. Many respondents and their wives "reported that restoration resolved the unnatural dryness of the circumcised penis, which caused abrasion, pain or bleeding during intercourse, and that restoration offered unique pleasures, which enhanced sexual intimacy."<ref name="Hammond">{{REFjournal
  |last=Hammond
  |last=Hammond
  |first=T.
  |init=T
  |author-link=Tim Hammond
  |author-link=Tim Hammond
  |title=A Preliminary Poll of Men Circumcised in Infancy or Childhood
  |title=A Preliminary Poll of Men Circumcised in Infancy or Childhood
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  |last=Bleustein
  |last=Bleustein
  |first=Clifford B.
  |first=Clifford B.
|init=CB
|last2=Fogarty
  |first2=James D.
  |first2=James D.
  |last2=Fogarty
  |init2=JD
|last3=Eckholdt
  |first3=Haftan
  |first3=Haftan
  |last3=Eckholdt
  |init3=H
|last4=Arezzo
  |first4=Joseph C.
  |first4=Joseph C.
  |last4=Arezzo
  |init4=JC
|last5=Melman
  |first5=Arnold
  |first5=Arnold
  |last5=Melman
  |init5=A
  |title=Effect of neonatal circumcision on penile neurologic sensation
  |title=Effect of neonatal circumcision on penile neurologic sensation
  |journal=Urology
  |journal=Urology
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  |last=Payne
  |last=Payne
  |first=Kimberley
  |first=Kimberley
|init=K
  |last2=Thaler
  |last2=Thaler
  |first2=Lea
  |first2=Lea
|init2=L
  |last3=Kukkonen
  |last3=Kukkonen
  |first3=Tuuli
  |first3=Tuuli
|init3=T
  |last4=Carrier
  |last4=Carrier
  |first4=Serge
  |first4=Serge
|init4=S
  |last5=Binik
  |last5=Binik
  |first5=Yitzchak
  |first5=Yitzchak
  |author5-link=Irving M. Binik
|init5=Y
  |author5-link=
  |title=Sensation and Sexual Arousal in Circumcised and Uncircumcised Men
  |title=Sensation and Sexual Arousal in Circumcised and Uncircumcised Men
  |journal=J Sex Med
  |journal=J Sex Med
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Although Kirby (1994) suggested that the perceived sensitivity gains of the glans reported by some men are psychological, with glans sensitivity itself being unaffected.<ref>{{REFjournal
Although Kirby (1994) suggested that the perceived sensitivity gains of the glans reported by some men are psychological, with glans sensitivity itself being unaffected.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Kirby
  |last=Kirby
  |first=R.S.
  |init=RS
  |title=The Joy of Uncircumcising! Restore your birthright and maximize sexual pleasure
  |title=The Joy of Uncircumcising! Restore your birthright and maximize sexual pleasure
  |journal=BMJ
  |journal=BMJ
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}}</ref><ref name="yang">{{REFjournal
}}</ref><ref name="yang">{{REFjournal
  |last=Yang
  |last=Yang
  |first=D.M.
  |init=DM
  |last2=Lin
  |last2=Lin
  |first2=H.
  |init2=H
  |last3=Zhang
  |last3=Zhang
  |first3=B.
  |init3=B
  |last4=Guo
  |last4=Guo
  |first4=W.
  |init4=W
  |title=Circumcision affects glans penis vibration perception threshold
  |title=Circumcision affects glans penis vibration perception threshold
  |journal=Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue
  |journal=Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue
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  |last=Penn
  |last=Penn
  |first=Jack
  |first=Jack
|init=P
  |title=Penile Reform
  |title=Penile Reform
  |journal=British Journal of Plastic Surgery
  |journal=British Journal of Plastic Surgery
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}}</ref><ref name="Boyle">{{REFjournal
}}</ref><ref name="Boyle">{{REFjournal
  |last=Boyle
  |last=Boyle
  |first=G.J.
  |init=GJ
  |last2=Goldman
  |last2=Goldman
  |first2=R.
  |init2=R
  |author2-link=Ronald Goldman
  |author2-link=Ronald Goldman
  |last3=Svoboda
  |last3=Svoboda
  |first3=J.S.
  |init3=JS
  |last4=Fernandez
  |last4=Fernandez
  |first4=E.
  |init4=E
  |title=Male Circumcision: Pain, Trauma and Psychosexual Sequelae
  |title=Male Circumcision: Pain, Trauma and Psychosexual Sequelae
  |journal=Journal of Health Psychology
  |journal=Journal of Health Psychology
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}}</ref> and has been proposed as a treatment for negative feelings in some adult men about their involuntary infant circumcisions.<ref name="watson2017">{{REFjournal
}}</ref> and has been proposed as a treatment for negative feelings in some adult men about their involuntary infant circumcisions.<ref name="watson2017">{{REFjournal
  |last=Watson
  |last=Watson
  |first=Lindsay
  |first=Lindsay R.
  |author-link=
|init=LR
  |author-link=Lindsay R. Watson
  |last2=Golden
  |last2=Golden
  |first2=Tom
  |first2=Tom
|init2=T
  |author2-link=
  |author2-link=
  |etal=no
  |etal=no
  |title=Male circumcision grief: effective and ineffective therapeutic approaches
  |title=Male circumcision grief: effective and ineffective therapeutic approaches
|trans-title=
|language=
  |journal=New Male Studies: An International Journal
  |journal=New Male Studies: An International Journal
  |location=
  |location=
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Recently there has been growing interest in regenerative medicine as a means to regenerate the human male foreskin. This option, unlike non-surgical foreskin restoration, would result in a true human male foreskin being regrown.  
Recently there has been growing interest in regenerative medicine as a means to regenerate the human male foreskin. This option, unlike non-surgical foreskin restoration, would result in a true human male foreskin being regrown.  


In early 2010, [[Foregen]], a non-profit organization dedicated to funding a clinical trial for the purposes of regrowing the human male foreskin, had been founded.  A clinical trial had been scheduled for late 2010, but there were insufficient donations to follow through.<ref>{{REFjournal
In early 2010, [[Foregen]], a non-profit organization dedicated to funding a clinical trial for the purposes of regrowing the human male foreskin, had been founded.  A clinical trial had been scheduled for late 2010, but there were insufficient donations to follow through.<ref>{{REFweb
|last=
|first=
  |title=Foregen
  |title=Foregen
|journal=
|volume=
|issue=
|pages=
  |url=http://www.foregen.org/blog/?p=84
  |url=http://www.foregen.org/blog/?p=84
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
  |date=2010-09-21
  |date=2010-09-21
  |accessdate=2010-11-28
  |accessdate=2010-11-28
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


The proposed method would involve placing the patient under general anesthesia.  The penile skin would be opened at the circumcision scar, while the scar tissue is surgically debrided.  A biomedical solution would then be applied to both ends of the wound, causing the foreskin to regenerate with the DNA in the patient's own cells.  A biodegradable scaffold would be used to offer support for the regenerating foreskin.<ref>{{REFjournal
The proposed method would involve placing the patient under general anesthesia.  The penile skin would be opened at the circumcision scar, while the scar tissue is surgically debrided.  A biomedical solution would then be applied to both ends of the wound, causing the foreskin to regenerate with the DNA in the patient's own cells.  A biodegradable scaffold would be used to offer support for the regenerating foreskin.<ref>{{REFweb
|last=
|first=
  |title=Clinical Regen Trial
  |title=Clinical Regen Trial
|journal=
|volume=
|issue=
|pages=
  |url=http://www.foregen.org/projects/
  |url=http://www.foregen.org/projects/
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
  |date=2010-06-23
  |date=2010-06-23
  |accessdate=2010-06-23
  |accessdate=2010-06-23
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In 2018, Foregen announced the creation of a "decellularized extracellular matrix–based biomaterial scaffold" for the purpose of regenerating human foreskin.<ref>{{REFjournal
In 2018, Foregen announced the creation of a "decellularized extracellular matrix–based biomaterial scaffold" for the purpose of regenerating human foreskin.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Purpura
  |last=Purpura
  |first=V.
  |init=V
  |last2=Bondioli
  |last2=Bondioli
  |first2=E.
  |init2=E
  |last3=Cunningham
  |last3=Cunningham
  |first3=E.J.
  |init3=EJ
  |etal=yes
  |etal=yes
  |title=The development of a decellularized extracellular matrix–based biomaterial scaffold derived from human foreskin for the purpose of foreskin reconstruction in circumcised males
  |title=The development of a decellularized extracellular matrix–based biomaterial scaffold derived from human foreskin for the purpose of foreskin reconstruction in circumcised males
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  |etal=no
  |etal=no
  |title=The joy of uncircumcising
  |title=The joy of uncircumcising
|trans-title=
|language=
  |journal=BMJ
  |journal=BMJ
  |location=
  |location=
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* {{REFjournal
* {{REFjournal
  |last=Brandes
  |last=Brandes
  |first=S.B.
  |init=SB
  |last2=McAninch
  |last2=McAninch
  |first2=J.W.
  |init2=JW
  |title=Surgical methods of restoring the prepuce: a critical review
  |title=Surgical methods of restoring the prepuce: a critical review
  |journal=BJU Int
  |journal=BJU Int
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