Penile cancer: Difference between revisions
WikiModEn2 (talk | contribs) →Incidence of penile cancer: Wikify. |
WikiModEn2 (talk | contribs) →Risk factors: Revise section. |
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|pages=199-203 | |pages=199-203 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
===Circumcision as a risk factor=== | ===Circumcision as a risk factor=== | ||
Bissada et al. (1986) | Bissada et al. (1986) reported cancer forms on the [[circumcision scar]].<ref name="bissada1986">{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Bissada | |last=Bissada | ||
|init=NK | |init=NK | ||
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|DOI=10.1016/s0022-5347(17)45614-x | |DOI=10.1016/s0022-5347(17)45614-x | ||
|accessdate=2020-02-10 | |accessdate=2020-02-10 | ||
}}</ref> Circumcision | }}</ref> The [[circumcision scar]] may provide an entry point for HIV. [[Circumcision]] should now be considered a risk factor for penile cancer. | ||
===Other risks=== | |||
[[Phimosis]] has been implicated as a risk factor in sexually active males, because a non-retractile [[foreskin]] may result in poor hygiene, and because men with [[phimosis]] are at higher risk for lichen sclerosus (also known as [[balanitis xerotica obliterans]]), which may also be a risk factor.<ref name="Rickwood">{{REFjournal | |||
|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080513042221/http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/321/7264/792 | |||
|REM=http://web.archive.org/web/20080513042221/http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/321/7264/792#110919 | |||
|archived=yes | |||
|title=Rapid Responses for Rickwood et al. | |||
|last=Various authors | |||
|first= | |||
|journal=BMJ | |||
|volume=321 | |||
|issue=7264 | |||
|pages=792-3 | |||
|accessdate=2022-03-13 | |||
}}</ref> Adult males with a non-retractable [[foreskin]] who are sexually active may want to have the phimotic condition corrected. (For conservative treatment options, see [[phimosis]].) | |||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||