Psychological injury of male circumcision: Difference between revisions

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== Profound lack of understanding of psychological issues ==
== Profound lack of understanding of psychological issues ==


There was little awareness of emotional and/or psychological issues when child [[circumcision]] was being promoted in the late 19th century and early 20th century. For example, [[Douglas Gairdner]] made no mention at all of [[pain]], [[trauma]] behavior changes, or psychological issues in his landmark 1949 paper.<ref name="fate1949">{{GairdnerDM 1949}}</ref>
There was little awareness of emotional and/or psychological issues when child [[circumcision]] was being promoted in the late 19th century and early 20th century. For example, [[Douglas Gairdner]] (1949) made no mention at all of [[pain]], [[trauma]] behavior changes, or psychological issues in his landmark 1949 paper.<ref name="fate1949">{{GairdnerDM 1949}}</ref>
 
Intact America (2023) reported that intact males were shamed.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/foreskin-phobia-intact-penis-shamed/
|title=Foreskin Phobia: How The Intact Penis Has Been Shamed
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|publisher=
|date=2023-12-21
|accessdate=2023-12-31
}}</ref>


==Increasing awareness==
==Increasing awareness==