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The United States is unique in having a [[circumcision industry]] that aggressively promotes the practice of medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic, harmful infant [[circumcision]]. The decline of the unnecessary practice has been slowed by payments for unnecessary circumcision by various government heath programs and by continual encouragement and promotion of circumcision by the [[circumcision industry]].  However, the practice of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn boys has been in gradual decline for several decades.
The United States is unique in having a [[circumcision industry]] that aggressively promotes the practice of medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic, harmful, infant [[circumcision]]. The decline of the unnecessary practice has been slowed by payments for unnecessary circumcision by various government heath programs and by continual encouragement and promotion of circumcision by the [[circumcision industry]].  However, the practice of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn boys has been in gradual decline for several decades.


Despite the financially self-serving promotional efforts of the [[circumcision industry]], Jacobson et al. (2021) reported the incidence of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn infant boys was reported to have continued its slow decline to 52.1 percent in 2016.<ref name="jacobson2021">{{REFjournal
Despite the financially self-serving promotional efforts of the [[circumcision industry]], Jacobson et al. (2021) reported the incidence of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn infant boys was reported to have continued its slow decline to 52.1 percent in 2016.<ref name="jacobson2021">{{REFjournal
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  |accessdate=2025-09-17
  |accessdate=2025-09-17
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
The United States is unusual among nations in that osteopathic physicians (DOs) enjoy equal standing with allopathic physicians (MDs)<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.ama-assn.org/press-center/ama-press-releases/aoa-and-ama-stand-against-misrepresentation-osteopathic-physicians#:~:text=The%20American%20Osteopathic%20Association%20%28AOA%29%20and%20the%20American,of%20osteopathic%20medicine%20by%20media%2C%20celebrities%20and%20companies.
|title=AOA and AMA stand against misrepresentation of osteopathic physicians
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=American Medical Association
|date=2020-11-04
|accessdate=2026-03-22
}}</ref> Osteopathic physicians observe four [[Tenets of Osteopathic Medicine]] in their practice.


==History==
==History==
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The infamous [[Nebus v. Hironimus]] Florida [[circumcision]] case culminated after five years of litigation with Florida Family Court Judge [[Jeffrey Dana Gillen]] arrested the mother, [[Heather Hironimus]], and forced her to sign a consent for harmful, [[pain| painful]] circumcision in open court while handcuffed.
The infamous [[Nebus v. Hironimus]] Florida [[circumcision]] case culminated after five years of litigation with Florida Family Court Judge [[Jeffrey Dana Gillen]] arrested the mother, [[Heather Hironimus]], and forced her to sign a consent for harmful, [[pain| painful]] circumcision in open court while handcuffed.
====Heather Hironimus signs consent form for circumcision of 4 and 1/2 year old son under extreme duress====
<br><br>
<b>Heather Hironimus signs consent form for circumcision of 4 and 1/2 year old son under extreme duress</b>
<youtube>Btxl4UGBdpc</youtube>
<youtube>Btxl4UGBdpc</youtube>


[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]] commissioned a [https://www,doctorsopposingcircumcision.org new website] in 2016.
[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]] commissioned a [https://www,doctorsopposingcircumcision.org new website] in 2016.
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


The ill-fated 2012 [[AAP]] Circumcision Policy Statement expired on August 31, 2017 in accordance with AAP policy, because it was not reaffirmed. The AAP has had ''no'' official circumcision policy since that time.  
The ill-fated, embarrassing 2012 [[AAP]] Circumcision Policy Statement expired on August 31, 2017 in accordance with AAP policy, because it was not reaffirmed. The AAP has had ''no'' official circumcision policy since that time.  
 
[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision]] released a special report on circumcision for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.<ref name="doc2019">{{REFdocument
|title=Male Circumcision: A special report to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
|url=https://pool.intactiwiki.org/w/images/Male_Circumcision_DOC_2019-02-01.pdf
|contribution=
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|publisher=Doctors Opposing Circumcision
|format=PDF
|date=2019-02-01
|accessdate=2025-12-08
}}</ref>


[[Dan Bollinger|Bollinger]] (2019) discussed circumcision as an adverse childhood experience,<ref name-"bollinger2019">{{REFdocument
[[Dan Bollinger|Bollinger]] (2019) discussed circumcision as an adverse childhood experience,<ref name-"bollinger2019">{{REFdocument
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====Second quarter====
====Second quarter====
[[PEPFAR]] (2025) has scrapped its ineffective and harmful "voluntary male  medical circumcision" ([[VMMC]]) program after 15 years and at least 27,000,000 harmful and useless [[foreskin]] amputations.<ref name="gwarisa2025">{{REFnews
[[PEPFAR]] (2025) has scrapped its costly, ineffective, and harmful "voluntary male  medical circumcision" ([[VMMC]]) program after 15 years and at least 27,000,000 harmful and useless [[foreskin]] amputations.<ref name="gwarisa2025">{{REFnews
  |title=New PEPFAR Waiver Scraps Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Program
  |title=New PEPFAR Waiver Scraps Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Program
  |url=https://healthtimes.co.zw/2025/02/07/new-pepfar-waiver-scraps-voluntary-medical-male-circumcision-program/
  |url=https://healthtimes.co.zw/2025/02/07/new-pepfar-waiver-scraps-voluntary-medical-male-circumcision-program/
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  |quote=
  |quote=
}}</ref> Numerous studies have demonstrated that [[adult circumcision]] is not effective in preventing [[HIV]] [[infection]]. Child [[circumcision]] had previously been discontinued.
}}</ref> Numerous studies have demonstrated that [[adult circumcision]] is not effective in preventing [[HIV]] [[infection]]. Child [[circumcision]] had previously been discontinued.
[[Intact America]] (2024) is tracking the opposition to [[circumcision]] in the [[United States]]. It reports [https://www.instagram.com/p/DKVZQGTRl77/ steadily increasing opposition] to [[child circumcision]].


President Donald J. Trump appointment of [[Robert Francis Kennedy, Jr.]] to be Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services was approved by the United States Senate was ratified by the United States Senate on 13 February 2025. Kennedy wants to reform healthcare in the United States.
President Donald J. Trump appointment of [[Robert Francis Kennedy, Jr.]] to be Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services was approved by the United States Senate was ratified by the United States Senate on 13 February 2025. Kennedy wants to reform healthcare in the United States.


[[Eric Clopper]] has organized [[Intact Global]] in 2024, which has the goal of litigating in numerous states to ensure that boys will enjoy "the equal protection of the law". Intact Global instituted a suit against the state of Oregon in March 2025.
[[Eric Clopper]] has organized [[Intact Global]] in 2024, which has the goal of litigating in numerous states to ensure that boys will enjoy "the equal protection of the law". Intact Global instituted a suit against the state of Oregon in March 2025.<ref>{{REFdocument
|title=Hadachek et al. v. Oregon Complaint
|url=https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/66119b8c4d0c10f1951590fc/67e6d9785f82dc54c6513cb7_2025-03-28%20-%20Hadachek%20v.%20Oregon%20-%20Amended%20Complaint%20(Conformed).pdf
|contribution=
|last=Clopper
|first=Eric
|publisher=Intact Global
|format=PDF
|date=2025-03-27
|accessdate=2025-04-01
}}</ref> [[Intact Global]] also filed suit against the state of Colorado in June 2026.<ref name="rubane2026">{{REFdocument
|title=Tristan Huff and Adam Schwartz, Plaintiffs, v. The State of Colorado
|trans-title=
|language=
|url=https://cdn.prod.website-files.com/66119b8c4d0c10f195159122/6a3185315bbad632a188ed5f_2026-06-09---Huff-v.-Colorado-Complaint---Equal-Protection-Challenge-(Conformed)---For-Press.pdf
|archived=
|contribution=
|quote=
|trans-quote=
|quote-lang=
|last=RuBane
|first=Thomas F.
|author-link=
|last2=Clopper
|first2=Eric
|author2-link=
|format=PDF
|date=2026-06-09
|accessdate=2026-06-17
}}</ref>


Data Panda has reported the incidence of non-therapeutic circumcision by state on 24 May 2025. The incidence ranged from a low of 10 percent in Washington to a high of 91 percent in West Virginia.<ref>{{REFweb
Data Panda has reported the incidence of non-therapeutic circumcision by state on 24 May 2025. The incidence ranged from a low of 10 percent in Washington to a high of 91 percent in West Virginia.<ref>{{REFweb
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


[[Jake Tran]] has produced a [[This should be a crime| video]] about the practice of child [[circumcision]] in the United States.
[[Jake Tran]] has produced a [[This should be a crime| video]] about the practice of [[child circumcision]] in the United States.


In a milestone for [[intactivism]], Microsoft Network (MSN) reported that the incidence of child circumcision in the United States has declined below 50 percent, which makes non-circumcision or [[genital integrity]] the new <b>NORM</b> in the United States among newborn boys.<ref name="msn2025">{{REFnews
In a milestone for [[intactivism]], Microsoft Network (MSN) reported that the incidence of [[child circumcision]] in the United States has declined below 50 percent, which makes non-circumcision or [[genital integrity]] the new <b>NORM</b> in the United States among newborn boys.<ref name="msn2025">{{REFnews
  |title=Less Than Half of U.S. Boys Now Circumcised
  |title=Less Than Half of U.S. Boys Now Circumcised
  |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/other/less-than-half-of-us-boys-now-circumcised/ar-AA1MBjzN
  |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/other/less-than-half-of-us-boys-now-circumcised/ar-AA1MBjzN
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}}</ref> but that era has ended.
}}</ref> but that era has ended.


[[Intact America]] called attention to the existence of a "tipping point", when public opinion would shift toward [[intactness]] in 2016.<ref>{{REFweb
[[Intact America]] called attention to the existence of a "tipping point",<ref>{{REFbook
|last=Gladwell
|first=Malcomb
|init=
|year=2002
|title=The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference
|url=https://www.amazon.com/Tipping-Point-Little-Things-Difference/dp/0316346624?s=books
|scope=
|location=
|publisher=Back Bay Books
|pages=301
|ISBN=SBN-10 0316346624
|accessdate=2025-12-01
}}</ref> when public opinion would shift toward [[intactness]] in 2016.<ref>{{REFweb
  |url=https://intactamerica.org/do-you-know-about-the-tipping-point/
  |url=https://intactamerica.org/do-you-know-about-the-tipping-point/
  |title=Do You Know: About the “Tipping Point?
  |title=Do You Know: About the “Tipping Point?
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The percentage of American boys being [[circumcised]] has been slowly but progressively declining for a long time, while the number of boys with [[intact]] [[foreskin]] has correspondingly increased.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The percentage of [[intact]] newborn boys has exceeded the percentage of [[circumcised]] newborn boys since 2022.<ref name="yang2025" />
The percentage of American boys being [[circumcised]] has been slowly but progressively declining for a long time, while the number of boys with [[intact]] [[foreskin]] has correspondingly increased.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The percentage of [[intact]] newborn boys has exceeded the percentage of [[circumcised]] newborn boys since 2022.<ref name="yang2025" />


As the present trend continues, [[intactness]] is becoming the more usual, normal, and expected condition among newborn infant boys in America. The incidence of [[circumcision]] varies geographically so some location will report higher percentages [[circumcised]].
As the present trend continues, [[intactness]] is becoming the more usual, normal, and expected condition among newborn infant boys in America. The incidence of [[circumcision]] varies geographically so some locations will report higher percentages [[circumcised]].
 
==Forecast future incidence of child circumcision==
 
The incidence of harmful, unnecessary, nontherapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn boys declines at the rate of 0.5 of one percentage point per year or one percentage point every two years.<ref name="yang2025" />
 
Based on this historical rate of decline and assuming that it continues, we can forecast the future incidence of harmful [[child circumcision]] in the United States to be:
 
 
* 2023: 49.2%
* 2024: 48.7%
* 2025: 48.2%
* 2026: 47.7%
* 2027: 47.2%
* 2028: 46.7%
* 2029: 46.2%
* 2030: 45.7%


==American [[genital integrity]] organizations==
==American [[genital integrity]] organizations==
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